数字普惠金融与国内移民异地创业

Digital Financial Inclusion and Inmigration Entrepreneurial Activities

本文使用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,就数字普惠金融发展对国内移民异地创业的影响进行了理论探讨和实证检验。研究表明:首先,数字普惠金融通过缓解借贷约束和缓解信息约束的方式促进国内移民异地创业。其次,以创业类型分组,数字普惠金融对自雇型(仅雇用自己)、雇主型(雇佣至少一名员工)和机会型(有较好的创业机会)异地创业有显著的促进作用,对生存型(没有工作机会)异地创业的影响不显著。最后,在不同类型国内移民方面,相比于迁移人口(已在迁入地落户)异地创业,数字普惠金融对流动人口(未在流入地落户)异地创业的促进作用更显著。

Entrepreneurial activities play an important role in the development of a country or region.Meanwhile,in recent years,with the increase in the scale of the floating population,the phenomenon of inmigration entrepreneurial activities has gradually become more common.However,the current research about this phenomenon is insufficient.Therefore,this paper uses 2016 CLDS data to analyze the impact of the development of digital financial inclusion on the inmigration entrepreneurial activities.After theoretical discussion and empirical testing,this paper draws the following conclusions.In general,digital financial inclusion promotes inmigration entrepreneurial activities.Alleviating borrowing constraints and information constraints are important influencing mechanisms.It is worth noting that,compared with self-employed,employer and opportunistic inmigration entrepreneurial activities,digital financial inclusion has no significant impact on survival immigrant entrepreneurial activities.This is because digital financial inclusion increases the non-entrepreneurial income of inmigration and reduces their motivation to start entrepreneurial activities.Digital financial inclusion significantly promotes the floating population to start entrepreneurial activities,while its impact on the inmigration population to start entrepreneurial activities is weak.This may be because the inmigration population,having a household registration,tends to have relatively stable jobs and,therefore,a weaker motivation to start entrepreneurial activities.The results of this paper provide some academic support and policy suggestions for better understanding of inmigration entrepreneurial activities and promoting inmigration entrepreneurial activities.It has certain practical significance on how to support and encourage entrepreneurship,improve the income of inmigration,promote common prosperity,and boost economic development.Digital financial inclusion has improved the entrepreneurial ability of inmigration,enhanced the ability of more people to participate in the construction of common prosperity,and contributes to the formation of a good atmosphere of“create,build and share” for common prosperity.