城镇化进程中的村改居社区治理:实践逻辑与运作机制

Rural-to-Urban Community Governance in the Urbanization Process:Practical Logic and Operation Mechanism

中国基层社会历来呈现城乡二元结构特征。近年来,城镇化的快速发展改变了这种“二元”社会结构局面,以村改居社区为主要形式的基层社会“第三元”形态日渐凸显。本文聚焦于村改居社区的结构性特征和治理机制,尝试探讨基层治理从“二元”向“三元”转变的实践机理。研究发现:村改居社区治理呈现“村居共治”的实践形态,且因农民与集体的关系差异表现为不同的实践形式。“村居共治”的深层运作机制在于城乡两种治理机制要素并存形成的城乡嵌套,由此弥合村改居社区所隐含的乡村与城市治理体系之间的缝隙,促进村改居社区对城市外部系统与社区内部系统的治理耦合。村改居社区的治理实践体现了对城乡二元治理体制的整合与超越,在一定程度上重塑了基层社会治理格局,丰富和拓展了基层治理的研究空间。

China's grassroots society has long maintained the tradition of urban-rural dual structure,and the rapid development of urbanization in recent years has changed this“dual”social structure,with the third element'of grassroots society,primarily in the form of rural-to-urban community transformation,becoming increasingly prominent.This paper focuses on the structural characteristics and govermance mechanism of rural-to-urban communities,and attempts to explore the practical logic of the transformation of grassroots governance from“duality”to“trinity”,We find that,rural-to-urban community governance presents the practical situation of joint governance of villages and urban areas',and due to the differences in the relationship between farmers and collectives,it manifests in various practical forms.The underlying operational mechanism of “joint govermance of villages and urban areas” lies in the coexistence of governance elements from both urban and rural systems,creating an urban-rural embedding that bridges the gap between the rural and urban governance systems inherent in rural-to-urban communities,promoting the governance coupling of the external urban system and the internal community system.The govermance practice of rural-to-urbane community reflects the integration and transcendence of the urban-rural dual governance system,reshaping the pattern of grassroots social governance to a certain extent,and enriching and expanding the research space of grassroots governance.