技术培训、经济补贴与农户生物农药施用技术扩散行为

The Impacts of Technical Training and Economic Subsidies on Farmers' Diffusion Behaviors of Bio-pesticide Application Technology

本文基于激励理论和认知理论探究不同类型农业环境政策(技术培训、经济补贴)对农户生物农药施用技术扩散行为(试用行为、采用行为、推荐行为)的影响及其内在作用机理,并在真实情境下开展田野实验进行实证检验。研究发现:在试用行为方面,经济补贴与技术培训均存在显著的直接影响,前者的影响表现出即效性,而后者表现出时滞性,且后者可通过环境责任意识的中介效应影响农户试用行为;在采用行为方面,经济补贴存在显著的直接影响,而技术培训可通过环境责任意识的中介效应影响农户采用行为;在推荐行为方面,技术培训不仅存在显著的直接影响,还能够通过生态价值认同、自我效能感知的中介效应影响农户推荐行为,实现新技术由个体向群体扩散,而经济补贴不存在显著影响。本文的结论对于精准设计农业环境政策、有效促进农户绿色生产行为转变与技术扩散具有重要意义。

Based on incentive theory and cognitive theory,this paper explores the impacts and internal mechanisms of different types of agricultural environmental policies(technical training and economic subsidies)on farmers'difusion behaviors(trial behaviors,adoption behaviors,and recommendation behaviors)of bio-pesticide application technology,and carries out a field experiment in real situations to empirically test the effects of different policies.The results show that both economic subsidies and technical training have significant direct effects on farmers'trial behaviors.The former has an immediate effect,while the latter has a certain time lag.Meanwhile,technical training also affects farmers'trial behaviors through the mediating effect of environmental responsibility awareness.In terms of adoption behaviors,economic subsidies have a significant direct impact,while technical training affects farmers'adoption behaviors through the mediating effect of environmental responsibility awareness.In terms of recommendation behaviors,technical training not only has a significant direct impact,but also can influence farmers'recommendation behaviors through the mediating effect of ecological value identification and self-efficacy perception,realizing the diffusion of new technologies from individuals to groups,while economic subsidies have no significant impact.The conclusions of this paper are of great significance for the accurate design of agricultural environmental policies,and the effective promotion of the transformation of farmers'green production behaviors and technology diffusion.