美式数字经贸规则的国际扩散:跨国企业的推动力

The International Expansion of the US-Style Digital Commerce Regulations:The Driving Force of Transnational Companies

近年来,美式数字经贸规则已广泛融入全球范围内的自由贸易协定中。这些规则的国际扩散已经成为一个重要的经济现象。“这种现象由何种力量推动”值得探讨。一些既有研究和案例表明,企业是影响国家间自由贸易协定谈判的重要行为体。文章认为,美国跨国企业是美式数字经贸规则国际扩散的重要推手。文章利用2000~2021年的全球样本,实证检验美国企业的数字跨国并购交易数量对于他国对美式数字经贸规则接受程度的影响,结果发现,随着美国企业数字并购交易数量的增加,东道国对美式数字经贸规则的接受程度显著提升。具体到地区层面,这种影响尤其显著地存在于亚太地区国家。从经济发展水平来看,这种影响主要集中在高收入国家和中高等收入国家。从时间段来看,这种影响主要在2007年之后开始显现。

In recent years,the US-style digital commercial regulations have been widely incorporated into free trade agreementss around the globe.The international diffusion of these rules has become a significant economic phenomenon,the drivers of which are important to explore.Existing research and case studies suggest that enterprises are crucial actors influencing the negotiations of free trade agreements between countries.This article argues that the US multinational corporations are pushing the international diffusion of the US-style digital commercial regulations.Using a dataset with a global sample spanning 2000 to 2021,this article conducts an empirical examination of the impact of the number of digital cross-border mergers and acquisitions(M&As)by the US companies on the acceptance of the US-style digital commercial regulations in those countries.It finds that as the number of digital M&As by the US companies increase,the acceptance of the US-style digital commercial regulations by host countries also rises significantly.This effect is particularly pronounced in Asia-Pacific and Europe,in high-income and upper-middle-income countries,and has been evident primarily since 2007.