发展一种面向工程师的技术治理教育——基于从“工程人”到“治理人”角色转变的思考

Integrating Technical Governance Education into Engineer Education System:A Thinking Triggered by Role Turning from Engineers to Managers

随着工业社会发展的推进,工程师群体开始广泛分布于各行各业,成为相关领域的实际操控者。随着整个社会生产系统和工业体系不断技术化和工程化,想要保持整个现代化的工业社会平稳有效运行,必然要求社会的治理方式和管理手段发生转变,使社会以技术治理和科学管理的原则运行。掌握科技知识和实践技能的工程师的社会职能也将悄然改变,不仅是改造世界的工程造物实践者,他们在一定程度上也是合乎社会伦理和追求人类福祉的工程师。工程师从一个有道德的工程实践者开始转变为一个掌权的社会治理参与者。既有的工程师教育体系一直比较偏向于工程师的专业技能培养,近年来才开始重视工程师的职业伦理和责任伦理教育,但仍然缺乏对技术治理教育的关注,迫切需要将技术治理教育融入工程师教育体系。工程师技治素养的培养可以着重从以下三个方面展开:第一,树立谦逊主义的技治观念;第二,把握“治理—反治理—再治理”的技治逻辑;第三,遵循以有限技治为中心的技治原则。

From a global perspective,modern society has become a technological governance society that follows logic and principles of technological governance,and the backbone of the society of such a kind are naturally engineers,who for long ceased to be"engineers"specializing in bridge building and roads paving,have actually risen up to the broad stage of social governance as social managers.The existing education system for engineers has always favored the training of engineers with professional skills,and only in recent years the focus has also been put on the cultivation of engineers'professional ethics and sense of responsibility,and has achieved desired results.However,more efforts have to be made in this respect.If the established engineer education system goes on,it may not only restrict their theoretical vision,but also work competence of our future engineers.Therefore,there is an urgent need to integrate technical governance education into engineer education system.