低温对菲律宾蛤仔热休克蛋白和抗冻蛋白基因表达的影响

Effects of low temperature stress on heat shock and antifreeze proteins in Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)

为研究菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)“斑马蛤2号”在低温胁迫下热休克蛋白和抗冻蛋白基因表达的变化,将菲律宾蛤仔“斑马蛤2号”和南北方野生群体蛤仔急性低温(−1℃)胁迫9 d,存活率大小为斑马蛤2号(78.08%±2.14%)>大连群体(70.37%±3.70%)>北海群体(48.15%±7.71%)。低温胁迫下,挑选5个蛤仔抗低温相关的基因,热休克蛋白70基因(HSP70),HSC70,CSDE1,Y-box,抗冻蛋白Ⅱ型基因(AFPⅡ),研究这些基因在3个群体菲律宾蛤仔(斑马蛤2号、大连群体和北海群体)急性低温胁迫(−1℃)下鳃组织的表达变化。结果显示,5个基因在菲律宾蛤仔鳃组织中的时序表达与温度显著相关,其中HSP70、HSC70在3个群体中显著高表达。冷休克蛋白家族的基因CSDE1、Y-box基因只在低温处理的广西群体鳃组织中显著高表达。3个群体AFPⅡ基因相对表达量在12 h显著升高,达到峰值,相对表达量斑马蛤2号>大连群体>北海群体。不同群体蛤仔在低温胁迫时抗低温相关基因表达模式不同,斑马蛤2号的HSP70、HSC70和AFPⅡ表达量及存活率高于2个野生群体。

Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)is one of the most commercially important aquaculture species in Asia.Three populations of 100 clams were exposed to acute low temperature(−1℃)stress for 9 days,and the survival rates,in descending order,were the Zebra clam 2(78.08%±2.14%),the Dalian population(70.37%±3.70%),and the Beihai population(48.15%±7.71%).The expression of HSP70,HSC70,CSDE1,Y-box,and AFPⅡgenes was investigated in these populations(zebra clam 2,Dalian population,and Beihai population)under acute low temperature stress(−1℃).The results showed that the temporal expression of the five genes in the gill tissue of the Manila clam was significantly correlated with temperature(P<0.05),among which HSP70 and HSC70 were significantly higher in the three populations(P<0.05).The CSDE1 and Y-box genes of the antifreeze protein family were only highly expressed in the gill tissues of the Guangxi population treated with low temperatures.The relative expression of the AFPⅡgene in the three populations increased significantly,reaching maximum values at highest at 12 h(P<0.05).The relative gene expression was highest in Zebra Clam 2,followed by Zebra Clam 2 and the Beihai population(P<0.05).The expression patterns of genes related to low temperature resistance were different in different populations of clams.The expression levels and survival rates of HSP70,HSC70,and AFPⅡin Zebra Clam 2 were higher than those in the wild Dalian and Beihai populations.