新疆蜱类携带斑点热群立克次体的调查研究

SURVEYS OF SPOTTED FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE IN TICKS FROM XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS

目的对新疆蜱类携带斑点热群立克次体情况进行调查,为新疆地区蜱媒病防治提供技术支撑。方法使用家畜体表法和布旗法采集蜱类,使用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测立克次体外膜蛋白A(ompA)基因片段。结果使用家畜体表采集法和布旗法共采集7105只成年蜱样本,经形态学鉴定共7属12种。其中,3650只(51.4%)进行外膜蛋白A基因片段的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测立克次体核酸,共检测出8种斑点热群立克次体。从和硕、尉犁、玛纳斯和霍城地区采集的扇头蜱Rhipicephalus、璃眼蜱Hyalomma和血蜱Haemaphysalis中均检测出Candidatus R.barbariae立克次体、从和硕、尉犁、玛纳斯地区采集的扇头蜱Rhipicephalus和璃眼蜱Hyalomma中均检测出康氏立克次体Rickettsia conorii;从玛纳斯地区采集的图兰扇头蜱R.turanicus中检测出马赛立克次体R.massiliae;从各地区采集的革蜱中均检测出饶氏立克次体R.raoultii,其在新疆范围内分布较广;从哈巴河地区采集的银盾革蜱Dermacentor niveus中检测出斯洛伐克立克次体R.slovaca;从乌鲁木齐地区采集的亚洲璃眼蜱Hy.asiaticum中检测出西伯利亚立克次体蒙古株R.sibirica mongolotimonae;从哈巴河地区采集的嗜群血蜱Hae.concinna中检测出黑龙江立克次体R.heilongjiangensis;从博乐地区采集的全沟硬蜱Ixodes persulcatus中检测出Candidatus R.tarasevichiae立克次体。结论新疆地区广泛分布多种蜱类,携带多种蜱传斑点热群立克次体,可能对人群健康产生潜在威胁。

Objective To gain insight into the natural infection of rickettsiales in ticks from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(XUAR)and to develop strategies for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases.Methods A total of 7105 adult ticks representing 12 species in seven genera were collected via hand scratching on hosts and flag-sweeping on vegetation in XJUAR,China.These samples were submitted for screening of rickettsiales infection by amplifying the outer membrane protein(ompA)gene and 16S rRNA.Results A total of 3650 ticks were subjected to molecular analysis,with eight rickettsiae species identified as agents of the spotted fever group(SFG).Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae was initially discovered in Rhipicephalus,Hyalomma,and Haemaphysalis ticks and subsequently distributed across Hoxud,Yuli,Manas,and Huocheng cities.Furthermore,seven additional pathogenic rickettsiae species were identified,including R.conorii,R.massiliae,R.raoultii,R.slovaca,R.sibirica mongolotimonae and Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae.Conclusion The presence of multiple-spotted fever group rickettsia species and the diseases they cause may represent a potential threat to human health at XJUA in China.