油页岩局部化学反应法原位转化技术及松辽盆地先导试验工程

Oil shale in-situ conversion technology triggered by topochemical reaction method and pilot test project in Songliao Basin

中国油页岩资源储量巨大,地下原位转化是实现油页岩资源清洁高效利用的重要途径,其中,局部化学反应法原位转化技术(TSA法)具有能量投入低、加热速度快和采收率高的特点。近年来,通过建立TSA法基础理论和关键技术体系,设计了工艺实施方案,并通过松辽盆地先导试验工程验证了技术可行性。通过系统梳理总结围绕TSA法的研究成果,包括TSA法触发和裂解机理、室内物理模拟、关键技术研发以及松辽盆地先导试验,综合讨论了TSA法工业化优势和所面临的主要技术难题,包括高温高压条件储层渗流能力损伤、群井工艺调控策略、水力压裂缝网局限性、地面和井下关键装备的长期可靠性、原位催化提质增效方法以及开采全过程安全问题,并针对性提出了未来发展建议与攻关方向。结合TSA法工艺特征、中国"碳达峰,碳中和"战略布局和地热能源发展趋势,提出了基于TSA法的油页岩资源原位油气转化-余热利用-CO_(2)地质封存的地质—工程一体化开发创新体系,这一研究结论可进一步促进油页岩资源清洁高效综合开发利用。

China enjoys huge oil shale resources,and underground in-situ conversion is considered as an important approach to achieve clean and efficient utilization of oil shale resources.Specifically,the in-situ conversion technology triggered by topochemical reaction method(TSA method)is characterized by low energy input,fast heating and high oil recovery.In recent years,the process implementation scheme has been developed by establishing TSA method-based fundamental theory and key technique system,and it has been verified to be technically feasible by the pilot test project in Songliao Basin.This paper systematically summarizes the research achievements on TSA method,including triggering and cracking mechanisms of TSA method,indoor physical simulation,research and development of key techniques,as well as pilot test in Songliao Basin.The industrialization advantages of TSA method and main technical difficulties faced by have been comprehensively discussed,including the damages to reservoir seepage capability at high temperature and high pressure,group well process control strategies,limitations of hydraulic fracture network,long-term reliability of key surface and downhole equipment,in-situ catalytic methods for quality and efficiency improvement,as well as safety issues throughout the mining process.Moreover,targeted suggestions and research directions for future development are proposed.According to the process characteristics of TSA method,China’s strategic layout of"carbon peaking,carbon neutrality"and the development trend of geothermal energy resources,the paper proposes an integrated development innovation system for geological engineering based on TSA method for in-situ oil and gas conversion of oil shale resources,waste heat utilization and CO2 geological storage,and the research results can promote the comprehensive,clean and efficient development and utilization of oil shale resources.