中国城乡教师交流轮岗政策的历史变迁、演进逻辑与未来走向

The Historical Transformation,Evolutionary Logic,and Future Trends of China’s Urban-Rural Teacher Exchange and Rotation Policy

乡村教师作为教育教学活动的主体,直接影响着乡村教育教学质量,更关系到乡村振兴的人才根基。中国城乡教师交流轮岗政策大致经历了初步探索、规范建制、制度深化三个阶段。在此过程中,城乡教师交流轮岗政策的动力机制、价值取向、过程保障和话语体系有着自身的演进逻辑。该政策的未来走向将以“省域统筹、县管校聘、弱势补偿”为动力机制、以确立城乡师资优质均衡发展为价值取向、以健全城乡交流轮岗教师在地化发展为过程保障、以契合多元主体的利益诉求为政策话语,从而构成未来城乡教师交流轮岗政策的新框架。

Rural teachers,as the main body in educational activities,have a direct impact on the quality of rural education and teaching,which in turn influences the foundation of talent foundation for rural revitalization.The policy of urban-rural teacher exchange and rotation in China has broadly gone through three stages:initial exploration,standardization,and institutional deepening.In this process,the policy’s driving mechanisms,value orientations,procedural safeguards,and discourse system have developed their own inherent logic.The future trends of this policy will be shaped by a driving mechanism of“provincial coordination,county management and school recruitment,and compensation for the disadvantaged,”aiming to establish a value orientation towards equitable high-quality development of urban and rural teaching resources,focusing on enhancing the localized development of teachers participating in urban-rural exchanges and rotations as a procedural safeguard,and constructing a policy discourse that addresses the interests of multiple stakeholders,thereby forming a new framework for the future policy on urban-rural teacher exchange and rotation.