高年级小学生决策框架效应及其影响因素

The Framing Effects on Decision-making of Upper-grade pupils and Its Influential Factors

以336名五年级和六年级学生为被试,探索其在具体决策领域(英语课外阅读)的决策框架效应及其影响因素。研究结果显示:在英语课外阅读决策领域,五年级和六年级学生的决策均呈现出经典的框架效应,在获得框架下表现出风险规避,在损失框架下表现出风险寻求。同时,成长型思维模式的被试,其决策框架效应与固定型思维模式被试相比,表现出更多的风险寻求。此外,自我评估英语能力、性别和所在年级均对框架效应产生显著影响。这些研究结果表明,高年级小学生已经表现出决策框架效应,并且框架效应受个体思维模式类型等因素的影响。

This study explored 336 subjects’(including the fifth grade students and the sixth grade students)framing effects in extracurricular reading decision-making domain and their difference in gender、grades、mindset and English ability.The results indicated:(1)In the English extracurricular reading decision making domain,both the fifth grade and sixth grade students showed the classic framing effects,i.e,risk aversion was demonstrated in the gain framing and risk seeking was demonstrated in the loss framing;(2)Decision framing effects of growth mindset subjects showed more risk seeking compared to fixed mindset subjects;(3)Significant differences existed in self-assessed English ability,gender,and grade level while students were making choices.These research results indicate that upper grade primary school students have already exhibited decision-making framing effects,and that framing effects are influenced by factors such as individual thinking patterns.