技术风险治理中价值选择冲突的成因与规避

Causes and Avoidance of Value Selection Conflicts in Technology Risk Governance

技术风险治理是一个多元治理主体参与、多种治理手段并用、系统化与网络化治理模式并存的动态开放过程。价值选择冲突是指不同主体之间在价值认知和价值认同上存在的差异与矛盾。技术及其产品的风险属性是造成技术风险治理中价值选择冲突的本体论因素,而各参与主体在技术风险中的价值选择困境则是导致价值选择冲突的认识论因素。针对导致价值选择冲突的因素,需要正视技术风险,矫正技术升级方向,规范科学技术的研究逻辑,并积极推进技术风险治理各方主体共同参与技术风险治理,构建以政府、科技专家、企业、媒体和公众为主体的价值选择冲突规避系统,为技术发展营造良好的社会环境,进而推动世界科技强国建设。

Technology risk governance is a dynamic and open process involving multiple governance entities,multiple governance methods,and a systematized and networking governance model.Value selection conflicts refer to the differences and contradictions in value cognition and value identification among different entities.The risk attributes of technology and its products are ontological factors that cause value selection conflicts in technology risk governance;the value selection dilemmas of various participants in technology risks are epistemological factors that cause value selection conflicts.In response to these factors that cause value selection conflicts,we need to face up to technology risks,correct the direction of technology upgrading,standardize the research logic of science and technology,and promote the participation of all parties involved in technology risk governance,create a value selection conflict avoidance system that involves the government,scientific and technological experts,enterprises,media and the public in order to create a good social environment for technology development and promote China’s strength in science and technology.