柴油超深度加氢脱硫的机理和催化剂设计进展

Mechanism and Catalyst Design Progress of Ultra-Deep Hydrodesulfurization of Diesel Oil

综述了柴油加氢脱硫的反应机理、传统负载型催化剂以及可能是未来发展方向的非负载型催化剂,为超低硫柴油生产技术开发提供指导。在机理上,空间位阻硫化物会不同程度地影响加氢脱硫反应的直接脱硫和加氢途径。对于传统负载型催化剂来说,金属间的协同效应、丰富的Ⅱ型Ni-Mo-S活性相、大孔径和高比表面积载体、载体表面高含量的中弱酸和一定量的布朗斯台(Bronsted)酸有利于催化剂活性的提高。对于非负载型催化剂可以通过非模板法和模板法2种手段丰富催化剂的孔道结构,提高金属利用率进而提高催化剂活性,生产出满足市场需求的超低硫柴油。

The reaction mechanism of diesel hydrodesulfurization,the traditional supported catalysts and unsupported catalysts as the possible future development direction were reviewed,providing guidance for the development of ultra-low sulfur diesel production technology.In terms of mechanism,spatially hindered sulfides can affect the direct desulfurization and hydrogenation pathways of hydrodesulfurization to different extents.For traditional supported catalysts,the synergistic effect between metals,the typeⅡNi-Mo-S active phase,the large pore diameter and high specific surface area support,the high content of medium and weak acids on the support surface,and a certain amount of Bronsted acid are beneficial to the improvement of catalyst activity.For unsupported catalysts,the pore structure of the catalyst can be enriched by two methods:non-template method and template method,which can improve the metal utilization rate and then improve the catalyst activity,and produce ultra-low sulfur diesel that meets the market demand.In summary,developing new catalysts is the current research hotspot in the field of ultra-deep hydrodesulfurization of diesel,and further research is still needed.