锦绣杜鹃和映山红花冠营养成分及元素含量比较分析

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NUTRIENT COMPONENTS AND ELEMENT CONTENTS OF COROLLA OF RHODODENDRON PULCHRUM AND RHODODENDRON SIMSII

为探究杜鹃花属植物食用价值,本研究以该属锦绣杜鹃和映山红两种植物为研究对象,对两种植物花冠营养成分及元素含量进行了分析研究。研究结果表明,锦绣杜鹃的花直径和花瓣宽特性显著大于映山红(P<0.05),但两者的花瓣长、花斑长和花斑宽3个特性方面没有显著差异(P>0.05);锦绣杜鹃花冠N含量显著高于映山红,但P含量显著低于映山红(P<0.05),两者的C含量没有显著差异(P>0.05);锦绣杜鹃花冠K、Na、Ca、Mg的含量显著高于映山红(P<0.05),而Fe和Mn的含量前者显著低于后者(P<0.05),两者花冠Zn的含量没有显著差异(P>0.05);锦绣杜鹃花冠的粗纤维含量和热值显著高于映山红花冠(P<0.05)。可见,锦绣杜鹃和映山红两种植物花冠中含有丰富的营养元素和金属元素,显示了较高的食用花卉开发潜力,但两者间存在一定的差异。

The element contents and nutritive value of the corollas of Rhododendron pulchrum and Rhododendron simsii were comparatively investigated to explore the edible value of Rhododendrons.Two species of Rhododendron were taken as the research objects,and the basic characteristics,the nutrient element and metal element contents,the crude fiber contents and calorific values of the corollas of the two plants were analyzed.The results showed that the characteristics of flower diameter and petal width of R.pulchrum were significantly higher than those of R.simsii(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in petal length,spot length and spot width between them(P>0.05);The N content of the corolla of R.pulchrum was significantly higher than that of R.simsii,but the P content was significantly lower(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in C contents between the them(P>0.05);the contents of K,Na,Ca and Mg in the corolla of R.pulchrum were significantly higher than those of R.simsii(P<0.05),while the contents of Fe and Mn in the corolla of R.pulchrum were significantly lower than those in the latter(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences about the contents of Zn in the corollas between them(P>0.05);the crude fiber contents and calorific values of R.pulchrum corolla were significantly higher than those of R.simsii corolla(P<0.05).It could be concluded that the corollas of the two plants contain rich nutrients and trace elements,showing high development potential of edible flowers,but there are some differences between them.