临海市11146名入园体检儿童超重肥胖情况及影响因素分析

Analysis on overweight and obesity status and influencing factors among 11146 children undergoing admission physical examination in Linhai City

目的分析入园体检儿童超重肥胖情况及影响因素,为制定防控措施提供参考。方法以2022年于临海市妇幼保健院儿保科行入园体检的11146名儿童为调查对象,对儿童家长进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析和二元logistic回归模型分析儿童超重肥胖的影响因素。结果超重1707人,占15.45%;肥胖705人,占6.39%。性别、家族肥胖史、出生体重、妊娠期糖尿病等是临海市入园体检儿童超重肥胖的风险因素(OR=1.188、1.434、1.532、1.994,P<0.05),主要照护人、夜间睡眠时间、出生后6个月喂养方式及户外活动时间为保护因素(OR=0.590、0.299、0.408、0.650,P<0.05)。结论导致儿童超重肥胖的主要因素包括遗传、环境、行为等方面,应针对其制定鼓励出生后6个月内采用纯母乳喂养、注意饮食荤素搭配、适当增加户外运动时间等防控策略,以降低儿童超重肥胖发生率。

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among the children undergoing admission physical examination,and provide reference for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods A survey was conducted on 11146 children who underwent admission physical examinations in the pediatric care department of Linhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital in 2022,a questionnaire survey conducted on parents of children,and the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children were analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression models.Results 1707 were overweight(15.45%)and 705 were obese(6.39%).Gender,family obesity history,birth weight,gestational diabetes mellitus,were the risk factors for overweight and obesity of children admitted to Linhai for physical examination(OR=1.188,1.434,1.532,1.994,P<0.05),while the main caregivers,sleep time at night,feeding methods of 6 months after birth,and outdoor activity time were the protective factors(OR=0.590,0.299,0.408,0.650,P<0.05).Conclusion The main influencing factors of overweight and obesity include genetics,environment,behavior,etc.It is necessary to develop prevention and control strategies to encourage exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months after birth,pay attention to the combination of meat and vegetables in diet,and appropriately increase the time for outdoor exercise to reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity in children.