阿尔茨海默病患者照料者抑郁情绪的影响因素研究

A Study on influencing factors of depressive mood among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease

目的调查阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)患者照料者抑郁情绪现状并探索照料者抑郁情绪的影响因素,为提高AD患者和照料者生活质量提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法选取2019年10月—2020年11月某市某几所社区卫生服务中心的AD患者并将其照料者作为调查对象。采用Zarit照护负担量表等对调查对象进行调查,采用方差分析、多重线性回归分析照料者抑郁情绪的影响因素。结果84.43%的AD患者照料者有抑郁情绪,所有AD患者均发生挑战性行为,81.44%的照料者感知AD患者存在不同程度的照护挑战,73.05%的照料者存在照护负担。人均月收入对抑郁情绪存在负向影响(t=-9.029),日照护时长(t=4.441)、挑战性行为(t=10.602)对抑郁情绪存在正向影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论AD患者照料者普遍存在抑郁情绪,人均月收入、日照护时长和挑战性行为是照料者抑郁情绪的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the current situation of depressive mood in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD)and explore the influencing factors of depressive mood in caregivers,so as to provide a basis for improving the quality of life of AD patients and caregivers.Methods Caregivers of AD patients in several communities in a city from October2019 to November 2020 were selected by convenience sampling method.Conducting a survey by using the Zarit burden interview other measures,analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of caregivers’depressive mood.Results 84.43% of caregivers were depressed;all AD patients had challenging behaviors,and 81.44% of the caregivers perceived that AD patients had different degrees of care challenges.73.05% of the caregivers had a nursing burden.Monthly income per capita,length of daily care and challenging behaviors had statistically significant effects on depressive mood(t=-9.029,4.441,10.602,P<0.05).Conclusion Caregivers of AD patients are generally depressed.Monthly income per capita,length of daily care,and challenging behaviors are the influencing factors of caregiver’s depressive mood.