大型集中医学观察场所设计建设的卫生风险探讨

Exploration of hygiene risks in the design and construction of large-scale centralized medical observation sites

大型集中医学观察场所是为应对新冠疫情而采取的重要措施之一,在防止新冠病毒进一步传播、降低疫情发生风险上发挥了重要作用。结合大型集中医学观察场所的特点及运行需求,回顾梳理了选址、功能分区和布局、建筑材料、给水排水、暖通空调、垃圾收集和暂存设施、消防、其他附属配套设施和设备等存在的健康风险,提出了大型集中医学观察场所规划设计及卫生的相关要求以及后疫情时代设计模式的新思路,以便为未来新发呼吸道传染病疫情防控及其他突发公共卫生事件处置提供技术参考。

Large-scale centralized medical observation sites are one of the important measures taken in response to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic,which has played a greater role in preventing the further spread of the virus and reducing the risks of outbreaks.It combines the characteristics and operational needs of large-scale centralized medical obervation sites,reviews and composes the health risks that may result from the site selection,functional zoning and layout,the configuration of building materials,water supply and drainage,heating ventilation and air-conditioning,waste collection and temporary storage facilities,fire protection facilities,and other ancillary supporting facilities and equipment,proposes requirements for the planning,design and hygiene of medical observation sites and the idea of“design patterns in the post pandemic era”in order to provide technical references for future prevention and control of new respiratory infectious diseases outbreaks and the handling of other public health emergencies.