十字型柔性控制面气动控制力风洞试验验证

Wind tunnel experimental verification of aerodynamic control force of cross⁃shaped flexible control surface

现代战争中,战场环境复杂多变,需要弹箭具备快速大角度机动转弯能力。然而,传统的气动舵无法满足弹箭类飞行器超90°的高机动转弯需求。本文创新性地提出了一种新型柔性控制机构--大尺度可展开可变构型的十字型柔性控制面,用于产生超量气动控制力,实现弹箭的迅捷机动转弯;同时对一个缩比1∶5的可变构型十字型柔性控制面所产生的气动控制力进行了风洞试验。试验结果显示,通过在不同挂载点位收缩控制绳的方式下,相比于没有构型改变的对称构型十字型柔性控制面,改变构型的十字型柔性控制面可以基本稳定在收缩控制绳的挂载点位一侧,不再出现旋转、摆动,这一结果说明改变构型的十字型柔性控制面可以产生较稳定的径向控制力;对变构型的十字型柔性控制面的气动控制力测量值进行定量分析,进一步确认了柔性面气动控制力的指向性;在来流Re≈2.3×10^(5),控制绳收缩比为0.9的情况下,产生了气动力系数为0.29~0.34的可用径向控制力。研究结果确认了变构型十字型柔性面控制力的可用性,为进一步研究柔性控制力的气动特性、变构型控制策略设计提供了基础。

Modern warfare with complex and changeable battlefield environment requires rapid maneuvering turning ability of projectiles and missles at large angles.However,traditional aerodynamic rudders cannot meet the high maneuverability turning requirements of missile aircraft over 90°.This paper innovatively proposes a new type of flexible control mechanism—A cross-shaped flexible control surface with a large-scale expandable and variable configuration to generate excess aerodynamic control force and realize the rapid maneuvering of projectiles and missles;meanwhile,this paper analyzes the aerodynamic control force generated by a reduced scale cross-shaped flexible control surface with a variable configuration in a wind tunnel experiment.The experimental results show that,compared with the symmetrical cross-shaped flexible control surface without configuration change,the cross-shaped flexible control surface with changed configuration can be basically stabilized in the direction of the retracted control rope in cases of control rope shrinking at different mounting points.No more rotation and swing appear on the side of the mounting point.This result indicates that the cross-shaped flexible control surface with changed configuration can produce a relatively stable radial control force;quantitative analysis of the aerodynamic control force measurement values further confirms the directivity of the aerodynamic control force on the flexible surface;an available radial force with an aerodynamic coefficient of about 0.29–0.34 is produced with the incoming flow being Re=2.3×10^(5) and the control rope contraction ratio 0.9.This research confirms the availability of the control force of the variable configuration cross-shaped flexible surface,and provides a basis for further research on the aerodynamic characteristics of the flexible control force and the design of the variable configuration control strategy.