跨介质航行体出水问题研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of cross-media vehicle water exit

跨介质航行体凭借水-空两种工作模式切换实现了高隐蔽、强机动和快突防等特性,已成为航天-船舶交叉领域的研究热点,海-空介质跨越涉及多相流掺混、空泡非定常演化以及载荷环境恶劣等问题,威胁航行体运动稳定性、出水姿态及结构强度。针对航行体跨介质出水过程中肩部通/排气空泡流动演化特性、尾空泡演化特性、跨水-气介质空泡溃灭与载荷特性等问题,阐述了近年来航天-船舶交叉领域对跨介质航行体水下航行及出水过程肩/尾空泡流动机理的研究现状,总结了跨海-空介质过程空泡溃灭与载荷特性的研究,列举了涉及不同发射环境的跨域出水问题。最后总结并展望了跨介质航行体跨域出水有待解决的问题与未来在航天-船舶交叉领域内的发展趋势。

Cross-media vehicles have become a research hotspot in the field of aerospace-ship interaction because of their high concealment,strong maneuverability and fast penetration by switching between water and air working modes.Sea-air medium crossing involves multiphase flow mixing,unsteady evolution of cavitation and harsh load environment,which threaten the motion stability,water attitude and structural strength of vehicles.Aiming at problems of evolution characteristics of the shoulder/exhaust cavity flow and the tail cavity,and the collapse and load characteristics of the cross water-air medium during the cross-medium water exit process of the vehicle,this paper expounds the research status of the mechanism of the shoulder/tail cavity flow during the underwater navigation and water exit process of the cross-medium vehicle in the aerospace-ship crossover field in recent years.The research on the collapse and load characteristics of the cross sea-air medium process is summarized,and the cross domain water exit problems involving different launch environments are listed.Finally,the problems to be solved and the future development trend in the field of aerospace-ship crossover are summarized and discussed.