双油箱燃油热管理系统性能分析

Performance analysis of dual-tank fuel thermal management system

随着飞机热载荷的增加,燃油热管理逐渐成为现代飞机设计和运行中的重要考虑因素。建立了考虑热损失的双油箱拓扑结构燃油热管理系统的动力学模型,给出了考虑热损失情况下的管理策略,并利用热续航时间、热沉利用效率和废热利用效率这3个指标对该系统的性能进行评价。结合典型示例,对所推导的动力学模型进行了验证。与传统单油箱系统相比,双油箱拓扑结构燃油热管理系统可以提升系统的热续航时间。对于本文所研究的双油箱燃油热管理系统,其增幅可达36.8%。在此基础上,分析了热管理系统设计参数对运行效果的影响。结果显示:总燃油质量流率的降低可以增强系统的热沉利用效率和废热利用效率。在油箱总容量不变的前提下,适当地缩小再循环油箱容量,则可以提高系统的热续航时间。对于本文算例,当总燃油质量流率为1 kg/s时,再循环油箱容量减少100 kg,热续航时间提高约109 s。本文研究可为飞机燃油热管理系统设计提供参考。

With the increase of aircraft thermal load,fuel thermal management has become an important consideration in the design and operation of modern aircraft.This paper establishes a dynamics model of the dual-tank topology fuel thermal management system considering heat loss,presents a management strategy considering heat loss,and evaluates the performance of the system using three indexes:thermal endurance,heat sink utilization efficiency,and waste heat utilization efficiency.Combined with typical examples,the derived dynamics model is verified.Compared with the traditional single-tank topology fuel thermal management system,the dual-tank topology fuel thermal management system can improve the thermal endurance of the system by 36.8%.On this basis,the influence of design parameters of the thermal management system on operation effect is analyzed.The results show that the reduction of the total fuel mass flow rate can enhance both the heat sink utilization efficiency and the waste heat utilization efficiency of the system.If the total capacity of the fuel tank remains unchanged,the appropriate reduction of the capacity of the recirculation tank can improve the thermal endurance of the system.For the example in this article,reducing the recirculation tank capacity by 100 kg will increase the thermal endurance by about 109 s as the total fuel mass flow rate is 1 kg/s.This research can provide reference for the design of aircraft fuel thermal management systems.