金针菇菌丝体γ-氨基丁酸快速检测方法

Rapid detection of γ-aminobutyric acid in the mycelia of Flammulina filiformis

γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)是一种对人体具有重要生理功能的非蛋白氨基酸,其在金针菇中含量丰富。为获得一种高效便捷检测金针菇菌丝体GABA含量的方法,本研究以工厂化栽培的金针菇菌株Fv-HL23为实验对象,在筛选菌丝体液体培养基的基础上,结合单因素和Box-Benhnken试验,以微板法测得的GABA含量作为响应值,对GABA提取过程中的料液比、裂解温度、超声功率以及超声时间等参数进行优化。结果表明,以YPD为液体培养基,在料液比1:43.82(质量体积比)、裂解温度81.03℃、超声功率325.95W、超声时间10.09min的条件下,Fv-HL23菌丝体中GABA得率最高,达(3566.16±93.25)μg/g。使用上述方法检测得到的同一金针菇菌株菌丝体GABA含量与子实体GABA含量关联性良好。本研究建立的金针菇菌丝体GABA检测方法可为节约检测成本、缩短GABA强化型食用菌育种进程提供参考。

γ-Aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a non-protein amino acid with crucial physiological functions in vivo.It is naturally abundant in the enoki mushroom Flammulina filiformis.A highly efficient and convenient method for GABA determination in F.filiformis mycelium was established.The factory-cultivated F.filiformis strain Fv-HL23 was used as the experimental material.Parameters such as the solid-to-liquid ratio,lysis temperature,ultrasonic power,and ultrasonic time during the GABA extraction process were optimized under liquid culture in combination with single factor and Box-Benhnken experimental design,adopting GABA content determined by microplate method as the response value.The results showed that the highest yield of GABA in Fv-HL23 mycelium reached(3566.16±93.25)μg/g,when cultivation in YPD liquid medium under material-to-liquid ratio of 1:43.82 g/mL,temperature of 81.03℃,ultrasonic power of 325.95 W,and ultrasonic time of 10.09 min.A good correlation was found between the GABA content in the mycelium and fruiting body by using the determination method.The method might save detection costs and shorten the breeding process of GABA-enhanced edible fungi.