城镇居民就业质量评价及其时空演变——基于共享发展视角

Evaluation and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Employment Quality of Urban Residents-Based on the Perspective of Shared Development

本研究基于共享发展视角,构建既能体现发展性又能体现共享性的就业质量评价指标体系,对2010—2021年我国28个省份的城镇居民就业质量进行综合评价及时空演变分析。研究发现:我国城镇居民就业质量稳步上升,同时呈现出明显的空间不均衡现象。从差异变化来看,城镇居民就业质量的空间差异系数明显下降,主要原因是区域间差异的缩小。从空间相关性来看,城镇居民就业质量存在着显著但较小的正向空间自相关性,同时高值省份对周围省份的正向影响逐渐变弱,而低值省份对周围省份的负向影响有所增强。从子系统来看,发展子系统和共享子系统的协调程度有所提升,但仍存在进步的空间。从障碍因子分析来看,工作收入的平均水平和居民幸福感的差异程度是制约城镇居民就业质量提升的主要因素。

Based on the perspective of shared development,this paper constructs an evaluation index system of employment quality that features both development and sharing,and makes comprehensive evaluation and analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of the employment quality of urban residents in China’s 28 sample provinces from 2010 to 2021.The study finds that the employment quality of urban residents in China has risen steadily,and at the same time,it also shows obvious spatial imbalance.From the point of view of changes in differences,the spatial difference coefficient of urban residents’employment quality declines significantly,mainly due to the narrowing of inter-regional differences.In terms of spatial correlation,there is a significant but small positive spatial autocorrelation of the employment quality of urban residents in China,and the positive influence of high-value provinces on the surrounding provinces is gradually weakening,while the negative influence of low-value provinces on the surrounding provinces has increased.In terms of subsystems,the degree of coordination between the development subsystem and the sharing subsystem has increased,but there is still room for further improvement.From the analysis of obstacle factors,the average level of work income and the degree of difference in residents’wellbeing are the main factors restricting the improvement of the quality of employment for urban residents.