多孔碳材料的制备及应用进展

Preparation and application progress of porous carbon materials

多孔碳材料具有大的比表面积、发达的孔隙结构和良好的化学稳定性等优点,在多个研究领域表现出广阔的应用前景。多孔碳材料可以利用简便的方法合成,通过在孔道内引入活性位点可将其应用在电化学、吸附、催化等领域。然而,在实际应用过程中却无法发挥出多孔碳材料的优良特性。从多孔碳材料的常用合成方法出发,通过分析各种合成方法的优缺点,归纳出不同方法的适用条件及在实际应用过程中出现的各种问题。针对多孔碳材料在超级电容器、吸附和催化等领域出现的问题,提出了相应的解决方法,对多孔碳材料应用前景进行了展望。

Due to the advantages of large specific surface area,developed pore structure and outstanding chemical stability,porous carbon materials show broad application prospects in many research fields.Porous carbon materials can be synthesized by a variety of simple methods,and they can be applied to electrochemistry,adsorption,catalysis and other fields by introducing active sites into the pore channels.However,the excellent properties of porous carbon materials cannot be fully utilized in practical applications.Starting from the common synthesis methods of porous carbon materials,the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were analyzed,and the applicable conditions of different methods and the problems existed in practical application were summarized in this paper.To solve the problems of porous carbon materials in the field of supercapacitors,adsorption and catalysis,corresponding solutions were put forward,and the application prospect of porous carbon materials was discussed.