一种监测肩关节脱位的电刺激肩托马甲的设计

Design of an electrically stimulated shoulder orthosis for monitoring shoulder dislocation

目的 肩关节脱位是外科常见疾病之一,病情易发且患者多以男性青壮年为主,因临床康复过程中无法及时跟进康复进程,病情复发率高,导致康复效果差,为解决此问题,本文设计了一款可监测肩关节脱位状况且具有电刺激功能的肩托马甲。方法 主体采用氯丁橡胶材料,首先对受试者量体裁制肩托马甲,并对肩托进行优化;然后使用霍尔传感器和可视化元件,设计了一种直观显示肩关节脱位位置的监测电路,通过使用555定时器,设计了配合监测电路的电刺激电路,通过电刺激片输出脉冲电刺激;编写误触判断程序,通过微处理器对误触进行剔除。结果 肩托马甲使受试者肩关节活动限制在相对安全范围内,有明显康复矫形效果。监测电路通过4个监测点位实时监测肩关节位置,并通过相对应位置的可视化元件显示,敏感度高,可重复性好;电刺激模块可配合监测电路,输出电压4.3 V,频率44 Hz低频脉冲;微处理器通过引脚触发时长可以对误触信号进行剔除。结论 实时监测肩关节脱位的电刺激肩托马甲实现了柔性支撑,通过集成霍尔传感器和电刺激装置,初步形成肩关节康复由评估到调整的康复闭环,设计合理可行,增强了康复效率,形成一个连续的、动态的康复过程,为临床及时跟进康复进程提供帮助。

Objective Shoulder dislocation is one of the common diseases in orthopedics.The condition is frequently occurring and predominantly affects young adult males.Due to the inability to closely follow up on the rehabilitation process in clinical settings,the recurrence rate of the condition is high,leading to poor rehabilitation outcomes.To address this issue,this article presents the design of a shoulder orthosis that can monitor the status of shoulder dislocation and incorporate electrical stimulation functionality.Methods The main body is made of neoprene material,and the shoulder orthosis is custom-fitted for the subjects and optimized.Then,by using Hall sensors and visualization components,we design a monitoring circuit that intuitively displays the position of shoulder dislocation.An electrical stimulation circuit is designed by using a 555 timer to work in conjunction with the monitoring circuit,and pulse electrical stimulation is delivered through an electrical stimulation pad.A misoperation judgment program is written,and misoperations are eliminated via a microprocessor.Results The shoulder orthosis restricts the subject's shoulder movements within a relatively safe range,showing significant orthopedic rehabilitation effects.The monitoring circuit tracks the position of the shoulder joint in real-time through four monitoring points and displays this via corresponding visualization components,offering high sensitivity and good repeatability.The electrical stimulation module,working in conjunction with the monitoring circuit,delivers low-frequency pulses at 4.3 volts and 44 Hz.The microprocessor can eliminate false trigger signals by controlling the duration of pin triggering.Counclusions The shoulder orthosis with electrical stimulation for real-time monitoring of shoulder dislocation provides flexible support and has incorporated Hall sensors and electrical stimulation devices to form a preliminary closed-loop rehabilitation system for shoulder joints,from assessment to adjustment.The design is practical and feasible,enhancing rehabilitation efficiency and creating a continuous and dynamic rehabilitation process,which assists in the timely clinical follow-up of the rehabilitation process.