硅基负极材料及硅氧负极材料的研究进展

Research Progress on Silicon-Based Negative Electrode Materials and Silicon Oxide Negative Electrode Materials

为了解决能源危机,储能技术需要不断发展。电池应用市场不断扩大,对能量和功率密度要求越来越高,选用高比容量负极材料是实现该目标的重要策略。硅具有3579 mAh/g的容量,有望取代石墨电极,但受到大体积膨胀和不稳定的固体电解质界面的限制。氧化亚硅负极具有2600 mAh/g的高理论比容量和较好的循环稳定性,是有前景的锂离子电池负极材料。然而,硅基负极材料和硅氧负极材料在循环过程中的体积效应和固有电导率较差,限制了实际应用。目前,硅基负极的改性化方法主要包括纳米晶化、硅-碳复合材料、优化电解液和添加剂等方法。本文将对硅基负极材料及硅氧负极材料的研究成果进行总结和展望。

In order to solve the energy crisis,energy storage technology needs to be continuously developed.The battery application market is constantly expanding,and the requirements for energy and power density are becoming increasingly high.Choosing high specific capacity negative electrode materials is an important strategy to achieve this goal.Silicon has a capacity of 3579 mAh/g and is expected to replace graphite electrodes,but is limited by large volume expansion and unstable solid electrolyte interfaces.Silicon oxide negative electrode has a high theoretical specific capacity of 2600 mAh/g and good cycling stability,making it a promising negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries.However,the volume effect and inherent conductivity of silicon based negative electrode materials and silicon oxide negative electrode materials during cycling are poor,which limits their practical applications.At present,the modification methods for silicon based negative electrodes mainly include nanocrystallization,silicon carbon composite materials,optimization of electrolytes,and addition of additives.This article will summarize and prospect the research results of silicon based negative electrode materials and silicon oxide negative electrode materials.