摘要
电影《第二十条》反映的上访与“法闹”冲击法治权威、法条主义削弱法治公信力等问题构成其表达的主线之一。信访制度的异化产生了“信访不信法”与“法闹”等问题,公民绕过法律寻求正义与索取法律特权,体现法律权威相对于外界的失落;法条主义源于法律规范模糊性与司法运用的保守性,它假借法教义学之名隔离程序正义与实质正义,与“休眠”法条形成恶性循环,呈现出内在于法律体系与法律适用的矛盾。文章不仅提出涉诉信访的类型化治理与克服法条主义之具体策略,还根据两个问题相互交织、互为动力的特性,在宏观层面主张让法治成为一种普遍的生活方式。后者提倡以多主体视角推进法治建设,即培养公民的法治主体意识,增强公民以权责观为核心的法治素养;提高立法、审判与检察等法律工作的质量,保障公平正义的实现;社会共同体不断传承与发展和谐文明的法治文化。
The legal challenges depicted in the movie“Article 20”can be condensed into two main themes:letters from and visits of the people and“Fa Nao”challenging the authority of the rule of law,“legalism”weakening the credibility of the rule of law.Among them,the alienation of the petition system has led to problems such as“trust petition rather than law”and“Fa Nao”.Citizens bypass the law to seek justice and demand legal privileges,reflecting the loss of legal authority relative to the outside world;“Legalism”originates from the ambiguity of legal norms and the conservatism of judicial application.It disguises itself as legal dogmatic,isolating procedural justice from substantive justice,forming a vicious cycle with“dormancy”law,presenting a contradiction between the internal legal system and legal application.It is necessary to propose specific strategies for the typified governance of complaints and petitions and overcoming“legalism”.Based on the intertwined and mutually motivating nature of the two issues,making the rule of law a universal way of life is an effective way to overcome the aforementioned problems.Based on the analysis of the film,there are three paths from a multi subject perspective:The legal consciousness of citizens and their legal literacy centered on the concept of rights and responsibilities need to be improved;The quality of legal work should be improved to ensure the realization of fairness and justice,which includes legislation,judiciary and law enforcement;The social community continuously inherits and develops the culture of the rule of law.
