单行条例与地方性法规:地方立法的协同共治

Separate Regulations and Local Regulations:Synergetic Governance in Local Legislation

民族自治州人大不仅拥有单行条例制定权,还拥有地方性法规制定权。如何区分和适用这两种不同的立法权直接影响自治州层面的立法工作的顺利开展。从学理上分析,在制定机关和程序、规范事项、变通立法、设立行政处罚和许可等要素上有时我们很难区分自治州单行条例与地方性法规。走出这种困境的关键是处理好两种立法权的关系,将两者的关系定格为相辅相成、相得益彰的关系,着力于解决如何灵活适用两种立法权的问题。从实用主义视角而言,我们完全可以有效运用自治州单行条例制定权的优势和自治州地方性法规制定权的优势,为自治地方经济社会发展做出更大的贡献。

The people’s congresses of ethnic autonomous prefectures not only have the power to formulate separate regulations,but also the power to formulate local regulations.How to distinguish between these two different legislative powers directly affects the smooth progress of the legislative work at the autonomous prefecture level.As for academic analysis,it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the separate regulations and local regulations of autonomous prefectures in terms of formulating organs and procedures,normative matters,flexible legislation,and the establishment of administrative penalties and licensing.The key to get out of this dilemma is to deal with the relationship between the two kinds of legislative powers,making them complement each other,and focus on how to flexibly apply the two kinds of legislative powers.From the perspective of pragmatism,we can make full use of the advantages of the power to formulate separate regulations and local regulations of autonomous prefecture to make greater contributions to the economic and social development of autonomous region.