米曲霉培养物对冷季泌乳牦牛产奶量、乳成分、血浆生化及免疫指标的影响

Effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture on milk yield,milk composition,plasma biochemical,and immune indicators in lactating yaks during cold season

试验研究在冷季泌乳牦牛补饲的基础上,添加米曲霉培养物对产奶量、乳成分、血浆生化及免疫指标的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选择胎次相同、产犊日期和体重相近的泌乳牦牛16头,随机分为两组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头牦牛。对照组补饲,米曲霉培养物组补饲时添加100 g/(头·d)米曲霉培养物。预试期1w,正式试验期5 w。结果显示:与对照组相比,米曲霉培养物组能够显著提高试验第18 d的乳脂率及第18 d、35 d的乳蛋白率和乳糖率(P<0.05);试验第35 d,米曲霉培养物组血浆中白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著升高(P<0.01),葡萄糖(GLU)和甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮(BUN)含量极显著降低(P<0.01);试验第18 d和35 d,米曲霉培养物组血浆中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量极显著升高(P<0.01),试验第18 d,米曲霉培养物组免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量极显著升高(P<0.01)。研究表明,米曲霉培养物能够提高冷季牦牛乳品质、机体免疫功能及饲粮能量与蛋白质的利用率。

The study investigates the effects of supplementing Aspergillus oryzae culture on the milk yield,milk composition,plasma biochemical,and immune indicators of lactating yaks during the cold season.A single-factor experimental design was employed,16 lactating yaks with the similar parity,calving dates,and body weight were randomly divided into two groups with eight replicates in each group and one yak in each replicate.The control group was supplemented without additives,while the Aspergillus oryzae culture group received 100 g/(head·d)of Aspergillus oryzae culture during supplementation.The pre-test period was one week and the formal test period was five weeks.The results showed that compared to the control group,Aspergillus oryzae culture group significantly increased the milk fat percentage on the 18th day and the milk protein and lactose percentages on the 18th and 35th days(P<0.05).On the 35th day,the Aspergillus oryzae culture group had an extremely higher plasma albumin(ALB)content(P<0.01),and significantly increased glucose(GLU)and triglyceride(TG)contentrations(P<0.05),while the plasma urea nitrogen(BUN)content was extremely reduced(P<0.01).On the 18th and 35th day,compared to the control group,the Aspergillus oryzae culture group also had a significantly increased plasma immunoglobulin A(IgA)content(P<0.05)and an extremely increased immunoglobulin M(IgM)content(P<0.01).On the 18th day,the immunoglobulin G(IgG)content in Aspergillus oryzae culture group was extremely increased(P<0.01).The results indicate that Aspergillus oryzae culture can improve the milk quality,immune function,and the utilization rate of dietary energy and protein in yaks during the cold season.