柠条青贮对肉牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数及肉品质的影响

Effects of Caragana silage on growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters,and meat quality of beef cattle

试验旨在探讨柠条青贮对肉牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数及肉品质的影响,确定柠条青贮在肉牛养殖中的适宜添加比例。试验选择48头体重相近、体况良好的西门塔尔肉牛,随机分4个处理,每个处理12个重复,每个重复1头肉牛。对照组饲喂全株玉米青贮,试验组分别采用柠条青贮替代20%、40%、80%全株玉米青贮。预试期7 d,正式试验期90 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,饲喂40%的柠条青贮西门塔尔肉牛平均日增重提高了22.11%(P<0.05),料重比降低了13.21%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂20%和40%柠条青贮可以显著降低西门塔尔肉牛瘤胃NH3-N含量(P<0.05),饲喂40%柠条青贮可以显著增加瘤胃菌体蛋白及丙酸含量(P<0.05),降低乙酸/丙酸值(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂40%的柠条青贮可以显著提高西门塔尔肉牛肌肉的pH值(P<0.05),显著降低剪切力(P<0.05),饲喂20%和40%的柠条青贮可以显著降低失水率(P<0.05)。柠条青贮对肌肉营养成分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。研究表明,饲喂适宜比例的柠条青贮可以改善西门塔尔肉牛的生长性能及瘤胃发酵功能,提高肌肉品质,柠条青贮替代40%的全株玉米青贮较为适宜。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Caragana silage on the growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters,and meat quality of beef cattle,and to determine the optimal addition ratio of Caragana silage in beef cattle breeding.A total of 48 Simmental beef cattle with similar body weight and good body condition were divided into four treatments with 12 replicates per treatment and one beef cattle per replicate according to the single factor experimental design.Simmental beef cattle in the control group were fed whole corn silage,and beef cattle in the experimental groups were fed experimental diets in which 20%,40%,and 80%of whole corn silage were replaced by Caragana silage.The pre-feeding period was seven days and the formal test period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,Simmental beef cattle fed 40%Caragana silage could significantly increase average daily gain by 22.11%(P<0.05).The ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased by 13.21%(P<0.05).Compared with control group,Simmental beef cattle fed 20%and 40%Caragana silage could reduce rumen NH3-N concentration(P<0.05).Feeding 40%Caragana silage increased rumen protein and propionic acid concentration(P<0.05),and decreased the ratio of ethylene to propylene(P<0.05).Compared with control group,feeding 40%Caragana silage could significantly increase the pH value of the muscle in Simmental beef cattle(P<0.05),and significantly reduce the shear force(P<0.05).Feeding 20%and 40%Caragana silage could significantly reduce the water loss rate(P<0.05).Caragana silage had no significant effect on intramuscular nutrient content of beef cattle(P>0.05).The study indicates that feeding proper proportion of Caragana silage can improve the growth performance and rumen fermentation function of Simmental beef cattle,and improve meat quality,and it is more suitable for Caragana silage to replace 40%whole corn silage.