围绝经期女性代谢综合征发病情况及危险因素分析

目的分析围绝经期女性代谢综合征(MS)发病情况及相关危险因素。方法选取2018年10月至2021年10月40~60岁健康体检的围绝经期女性3,553例。依据是否发生MS分为2组。比较两组人口学资料、体格测量指标、血生化指标和生活方式问卷。结果在围绝经期女性中,MS发生率为20.0%。MS组患者妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、初潮年龄、饮食口味、水果摄入量与非MS组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥50岁、BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)、初潮年龄≥12岁、饮食偏咸、睡眠时间长、绝经、妊娠高血压和妊娠糖尿病是围绝经期妇女发生MS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,年龄、初潮年龄、BMI的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.668,0.624,0.779。年龄和BMI,BMI和饮食偏咸对围绝经期MS的发病有交互作用(P<0.05)。结论年龄、BMI、初潮年龄、饮食口味,睡眠时间、是否绝经、妊娠糖尿病和妊娠高血压是围绝经期女性MS的影响因素,早期干预各影响因素对围绝经期女性MS预防有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MS)in perimenopausal women in Zhejiang province.Methods 3,553 perimenopausal women aged 40~60 who underwent health examinations from October 2018 to October 2021 were selected.They were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.The demographic data,physical measurement indicators,blood biochemical indicators,ultrasound examination results,and lifestyle questionnaires of the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of metabolic syndrome in perimenopausal women is 20.0%.There were significant differences in pregnancy hypertension,pregnancy diabetes,age,body mass index(BMI),menarche age,diet taste,fruit intake between the metabolic syndrome group and the non-metabolic syndrome group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥50 years,BMI≥24 kg/m^(2),menarche age≥12 years,salty diet,long sleep time,menopause,pregnancy induced hypertension and pregnancy induced diabetes were independent risk factors for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in perimenopausal women(P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that the area under the ROC curve(AUC)for age,menarche age,and BMI were 0.668,0.624,and 0.779,respectively.Conclusion Age,BMI,age at menarche,salty diet,sleep time per night,menopause,pregnancy diabetes and pregnancy hypertension are the influencing factors of metabolic syndrome in perimenopausal women.Appropriate intervention of various influencing factors has important significance for the prevention of metabolic syndrome in perimenopausal women.