石油天然气行业科技成果评价体系构建与评价方法优化

Establishment of scientific and technological achievement evaluation system and optimization of the evaluation method in the oil and gas industry

科技成果评价是科技奖励的核心工作之一,其评价结果对科技奖励的最终决策有着重要的作用。但长期以来国内的科技成果评价工作面临评价指标盲目套用、评价过程中个人价值与科学道德精神缺乏规范统一等方面的诸多问题。为此,以石油天然气行业科技成果评价工作为例,建立了一套考虑科学、技术、经济、社会价值的科技成果评价体系,并进行了权重赋值,最后通过项目实例来验证了方法的可靠性。研究结果表明:①构建的石油天然气行业科技成果评价指标体系包含4个一级指标、16个二级指标,并根据基础研究、应用研究、技术开发和产业化、软科学4类成果侧重不同,对一级指标分别赋值,以反映科技项目的研究性质和产出成果价值的差异;②在同行评议机制下,兼顾专家在科技成果所属研究方向的专业性以及专家与科技成果主体间的竞争性,基于直觉模糊理论建立了石油天然气科技成果评价模型,从专家对成果熟知度与专业匹配程度、专家评价一致性以及客观公正性3方面综合修正专家打分,有效消除专家评价中各种主观因素的干扰。结论认为,建立的石油天然气行业科技成果评价体系能够全面真实评价科技成果的创新水平和应用价值,兼顾科技成果普遍特点和石油天然气行业科技成果的独特性,其认识和成果可为其他行业科技成果评价提供参考和借鉴。

Scientific and technological achievement evaluation is one of the core tasks of science and technology award,and its evaluation results play an important role in the final decision making of science and technology award.For a long time,however,domestic scientific and technological achievement evaluation has been facing many problems,such as blind application of evaluation indexes,and lack of standardized and united personal value and scientific moral spirit in the process of evaluation.Taking the scientific and technological achievement evaluation of the oil and gas industry as an example,this paper establishes a scientific and technological achievement evaluation system involving scientific,technological,economic and social value,assigns relevant weights,and finally verifies the reliability of the proposed method by means of a project example.The following results are obtained.First,the established scientific and technological achievement evaluation index system of the oil and gas industry include 4 first-level indexes and 16 second-level indexes.According to different emphasis of four kinds of achievements,namely basic research,application research,technology development and industrialization,and soft science,weights are assigned to the first-level indexes to reflect the research nature of science and technology project and the difference in output value.Second,under the peer review mechanism,it is necessary to balance the expert's specialty in the research direction of scientific and technological achievement and the competition between the expert and the object of scientific and technological achievement,establish a scientific and technological achievement evaluation model of oil and gas industry based on the intuitionistic fuzzy theory,and correct the expert scoring comprehensively from three aspects,including expert's achievement familiarity and professional matching degree,expert's evaluation consistence,and objectivity&fairness,so as to eliminate the interference of various subjective factors in expert's evaluation.In conclusion,the established scientific and technological achievement evaluation system of the oil and gas industry can fully and truly evaluate the innovation level and application value of scientific and technological achievement,and gives consideration to the general characteristics of scientific and technological achievements and the unique characteristics of the scientific and technological achievements in the oil and gas industry simultaneously.The understandings and achievements can provide reference and guidance for the scientific and technological achievement evaluation in other industries.