武汉市某医院女性人乳头瘤病毒筛查及基因型分布特征分析

Analysis of screening and subtype distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus in women at a hospital in Wuhan

目的分析湖北省妇幼保健院女性人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染率,并分析比较27种不同HPV型以及不同年龄层的感染率,获得武汉地区女性HPV感染流行病学特征。方法选取2019年1月至2021年12月在湖北省妇幼保健院就诊的年龄为18~88岁女性患者为研究对象,进行HPV分型检测者24852例,按年龄18~30岁、31~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁、65~88岁进行分组,分析比较各年龄层HPV感染状况。采用流式荧光杂交法检测宫颈脱落细胞标本。结果在24852例样本中,HPV阳性共计5179例,总感染率为20.84%,55~64岁组感染率最高(26.90%)。其中高危型4144例(16.67%),低危型1771例(7.13%),且高危型HPV和低危型HPV感染率在不同年龄组间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。HPV流行优势型为52、58、16、53型。不同HPV型多重感染检出1389例,感染率为5.59%,以2重HPV型感染多见。按年龄分层分析,多重HPV型,感染多分布于45岁以下人群,占比76.03%。结论近3年,武汉地区女性HPV感染率为20.84%,以高危型HPV感染为主。不同型HPV多重感染率为5.59%,并呈现低龄化倾向。

Objective To statistically analyze the HPV infection rate of women in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Wuhan area,and to explore and compare the infection rate of 27 different HPV subtypes as well as the infection rate of different age groups,and to obtain data on the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infections and the distribution of subtypes among women in this hospital.Methods A total of 24852 women aged 18-88 years who attended the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province and underwent HPV typing from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected and grouped according to their ages,18-30,31-44,45-54,55-64,and 65-88 years,and analyzed and compared the status of HPV infections in each age stratum.Flow fluorescence hybridization was used to detect cervical exfoliated cell specimens.Results Among 24852 samples,HPV positivity totaled 5179 cases,with an overall infection rate of 20.84%,and the highest infection rate was found in the 55-64 year old group(26.90%).Among them,there were 4144 cases of high-risk type(16.67%)and 1771 cases of low-risk type(7.13%),and there was a significant difference between the infection rates of both in different age groups(P<0.05).The prevalent HPV predominant subtypes were 52,58,16 and 53 types.Multiple infections of different HPV subtypes were detected in 1389 cases,with an infection rate of 5.59%,with 2-fold HPV subtype infections being the most common.Analyzed by age stratification,multiple HPV subtype infections were mainly distributed in people under 45 years old,accounting for 76.03%.Conclusion In the past three years,the HPV infection rate of women in Wuhan area was 20.84%,with high-risk HPV infections predominating.The rate of multiple infections of different HPV subtypes was 5.59%and showed a tendency of lower age.