中国关税减让对制造业返回增加值及全球价值链地位的影响研究

Impact of China's Tariff Concession on the Returned Value Added of Manufacturing Industry and Global Value Chain Position

本文通过对我国2015年、2021年的总出口进行分解,并利用2011—2019年ADB-MRIO数据库中的14个制造业(C3-C16)行业层面数据进行实证研究。结果显示,中国制造业的返回增加值占总出口的比重呈现上升趋势,且关税水平下降对返回增加值的提高有积极影响。在影响返回增加值其他因素分析中,研究发现研发投入与外商直接投资均会促进返回增加值的提高;通过扩展分析发现,关税下降也能提高制造业全球价值链地位,且外商直接投资对制造业全球价值链的攀升存在正向影响,而研发投入与全球价值链地位呈显著负相关关系。基于以上研究结论,文章提出中国应实行关税减让政策,降低总体关税水平;积极应对创新转型,自主研发产出成果;建立健全相关制度,加大知识产权监督管理力度的相关建议,以供参考。

In this paper,China's total exports for 2015 and 2021 are decomposed,data from 14 manufacturing industries(C3-C16)in the ADB-MRIO database from 2011 to 2019 are used,and an empirical study is conducted.It is found that the proportion of the return added value of China's manufacturing industry as the total exports shows an upward trend,and the decline of tariff level has a positive impact on the improvement of the return added value.In the analysis of other factors affecting the return added value,it is found that both R&D investment and foreign direct investment will promote the increase of the return added value.Through the expansion analysis,it is found that the tariffreduction can also improve the GVC position of the manufacturing industry,and foreign direct investment has a positive impact on the rise of the GVC of the manufacturing industry,while the R&D investment has a significant negative correlation with the GVC position.Based on the research conclusion,it is proposed that China should actively implement the tariffconcession policy to reduce the overall tariff level,actively respond to innovation and transformation and independently develop output results,establish and improve relevant systems,and strengthen intellectual property supervision and management,for reference.