数字经济、产业结构升级与制造业出口技术复杂度研究

Research on Digital Economy,Industrial Structure Upgrading and Technical Complexity of Manufacturing Export

当前,中国正处于从“制造大国”向“制造强国”转型的关键阶段,提高出口技术复杂度对实现制造业转型升级具有重要意义。数字经济作为一种全新的经济形态,为中国培育先进制造业,特别是提升制造业出口产品技术水平提供了重要机遇和动力。本文以中国制造业为研究对象,通过2015—2020年中国内地(除西藏外)30个省市的制造业省级面板数据,探讨数字经济发展水平对当地制造业出口技术复杂度的全面影响及其潜在机制。结果表明,随着数字经济的发展,制造业出口产品的技术水平得到了明显的提升,这一发现在经过一系列严谨的检验后依然保持稳健。进一步的中介效应分析揭示,数字经济的发展促进了各省份产业结构优化升级,进而带动当地制造业出口产品技术的不断改进,因此产业结构升级作为中介因素发挥作用。基于此,各地区应致力于进一步完善数字基础设施建设、加速数字经济与产业融合进程等方式提升数字经济发展水平,推进数字要素赋能传统产业,制定和优化数字经济相关制度体系等方式推进本地区制造业数字化转型,培育适合数字经济发展的制造业新兴产业生态。

Nowadays,China is in a critical stage of transformation from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality.Improving the complexity of export technology is of great significance for achieving the manufacturing industry's transformation and upgrading.As a brand-new economic form,the digital economy provides important opportunities and impetus for China to cultivate advanced manufacturing industry,especially to improve the technological level of manufacturing export products.Taking China's manufacturing industry as the research object,this paper explores the comprehensive impact of digital economic development on the technological complexity of local manufacturing export and its potential mechanism through provincial-level panel data of manufacturing in 30 provinces and cities in China's mainland(excluding Xizang)from 2015 to 2020.It is found that the advancement of the digital economy has significantly enhanced the technological levels of manufacturing exports.This conclusion holds strong even after undergoing a series of rigorous tests.Further analysis of intermediary effects reveals that the development of digital economy has promoted the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in each province,which drives the continuous improvement of local manufacturing export product technology.Thus,industrial structure upgrading serves as an intermediary factor.Based on this,all regions should strive to improve the level of digital economy development by further improving the construction of digital infrastructure,accelerating the integration process of digital economy and industry,promoting digital factors to empower traditional industries,formulating and optimizing relevant institutional systems of digital economy,etc.to promote the digital transformation of local manufacturing industry,and fostering an emerging industrial ecology of manufacturing that aligns with the growth of the digital economy.