基于磁-固-路双向耦合的电机电磁振动分析方法

Electromagnetic Vibration Analysis Method of Electrical Machines Based on Electromagnetic-structural-circuit Bidirectional Couplings

电机的电磁振动是由电机的电磁场与结构场之间的相互作用产生的,研究电机的电磁振动就必须考虑这种磁-固双向耦合的影响。结合电机驱动与控制系统,提出了一种磁-固-路双向耦合的电机电磁振动分析方法。首先建立了电机转子及定子在磁-固双向耦合条件下的动力学模型,基于场路耦合方程建立了电机驱动与控制系统和电磁场之间的联系。然后提出了电机电磁振动的磁-固-路双向耦合循环迭代方法,分析了多场路双向耦合分析中需要解决的关键问题。接着提出了一种多场耦合分析的节点标记方法,实现了电机电磁场与结构场间数据的快速、准确传递和交换。最后以一台1 MW-4极72槽永磁同步电机为例,进行了电机振动的分析及试验测试,对电机电磁振动磁-固-路双向耦合循环迭代分析方法的可行性和准确性进行了验证。结果表明,提出的节点标记及磁-固-路双向耦合循环迭代分析方法能够实现不同场网格节点间信息的准确传递,能考虑转子偏心、结构、轴承、驱动及控制系统等对电机电磁振动特性的影响,为精确预测电机的电磁振动和噪声提供了一种可行的方法。

Electromagnetic vibration of the electrical machine is generated by the interaction between the motors'electromagnetic fields and the structural fields.To study the electromagnetic vibration problem of the electrical machine,it is necessary to consider this electromagnetic-structural bidirectional coupling relationship.An electromagnetic-structural-circuit bi-directional couplings method is proposed by combining the motor drive and control system.Firstly,the dynamic model of the rotor and stator under the condition of electromagnetic-structural bidirectional coupling is established,and based on the field-circuit coupling equations,the connection between the circuit and the electromagnetic field is established.Next,a cyclic iterative method of electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional coupling for the electromagnetic vibration of motors is proposed,and the key issues that need to be addressed in the multi-field bidirectional coupling analysis have been analyzed.Then,a node labeling method for multi-field coupling analysis is proposed to achieve fast and accurate data transfer and exchange between the motors'electromagnetic fields and structural fields.Finally,some experiments and analysis are carried out in a 1 MW 4-pole 72-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor in order to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the cyclic iterative analysis method of motor electromagnetic vibration with electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional couplings.It is shown that the proposed node labeling and electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional coupling cyclic iterative analysis method can achieve the accurate transfer of the information between the nodes in different field meshes,and can take into account the influences of rotor eccentricity,structure,bearing,drive and control systems on the electromagnetic vibration characteristics of the motor,which provides a feasible method for the accurate prediction of the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the motor.