低鱼粉对虾配合饲料中试试验

Pilot test of formula feed for shrimp with low fishmeal

为探究在池塘养殖对虾中,低鱼粉对虾配合饲料对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长的影响。以优化配比的动物蛋白和植物蛋白大量替代鱼粉制作对虾配合饲料(鱼粉蛋白含量为3%),在天津地区池塘养殖对虾中进行中试试验,跟踪检测池塘水质情况及测量对虾生长指标,比较饲料系数及生长率等。结果显示,试验组对虾平均体长、平均体质量低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),试验组对虾肝体比范围为3.58%~6.36%,增重率为1 024.47%,特定生长率为2.78%·d^(-1),平均产量5 773.00 kg/hm^(2),饲料系数为1.10;与对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。本研究说明在池塘养殖条件下,对虾配合饲料中的鱼粉可被合理搭配的其他蛋白源所替代(鱼粉比例可低至3%),对凡纳滨对虾的生长性能没有显著不利影响。

In order to investigate the effect of formula feed for shrimp with low fishmeal on growth of the whiteleg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)in pond culture,optimized ratio of animal protein and vegetable protein was used to replace fishmeal to make formula feed for the shrimp(containing 3%fishmeal),and a pilot test was conducted in shrimp pond in Tianjin.The water quality of the ponds was detected and shrimp growth performance was measured.The results showed that the average body length and average weight of shrimp in the test group were lower than those in the control group,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).For shrimp in the test group,the range of hepatosmatic index was 3.58%~6.36%,the weight gain rate was 1024.47%,the specific growth rate was 2.78%·d^(-1),and the average yield was 5773.00 kg/hm^(2),and the feed conversion ratio was 1.10.Compared to shrimp in the control group,the differences were not significant(P>0.05).This study indicates that fishmeal in shrimp diets can be replaced by other protein sources(fishmeal proportion can be as low as 3%)under pond culture conditions,without significant adverse effects on the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei.