糖组学检测技术概述及其在疾病诊断中的应用

Overview of glycomics detection technology and its application in disease diagnosis

糖组学是一门研究细胞、组织或生物体内所有糖分子(糖链)结构和功能的学科。医学领域糖组学研究旨在揭示糖链在生物体内的分布、结构、功能及生物学过程与疾病之间的内在联系。糖链的结构多样性和广泛分布,使得对其结构和生理功能的全面解析成为一项挑战,而糖组学领域检测分析技术的不断发展为这一目标实现提供了有效的解决方案。本文系统阐述和总结糖组学领域的相关检测分析技术,涵盖液相色谱(liquid chromatography,LC)、毛细管电泳(capillary electrophoresis,CE)、质谱(mass spectrometry,MS)以及凝集素芯片(lectin microarray)技术等。同时,本文还概述了糖组学在疾病诊断中的潜在应用价值及应用场景,重点聚焦病毒感染性疾病、癌症、代谢性疾病和遗传性疾病等领域。

Glycomics is a discipline that explores the structure and function of oligosaccharides(glycans)within cells,tissues,or living organisms.The research on glycomics in the medical field aims to reveal the distribution,structure,and function of glycans in organisms and the inherent relationship between biological processes and diseases.However,the structural diversity and wide distribution of glycans pose a challenge for comprehensive analysis of their structure and physiological functions.With the continuous development of technologies in the field of glycomics,effective solutions are being provided to achieve this goal.This article systematically elaborates and summarizes the relevant technologies in the field of glycomics,including liquid chromatography(LC),capillary electrophoresis(CE),mass spectrometry(MS),and lectin microarray technology.At the same time,this article also outlines the potential application value and application scenarios of glycomics in disease diagnosis,focusing on the fields of viral infectious diseases,cancer,metabolic diseases and genetic diseases.