废旧三元锂离子电池正极材料回收技术综述

Review on Recycling Technology of Cathode Materials for Spent Ternary Lithium-ion Battery

随着三元体系锂离子电池市场份额的快速增加,废旧三元锂离子电池将迎来爆发式增长,但同时带来的环境污染和资源浪费问题也日益严重。于是系统地开发废旧三元锂离子电池材料的回收及再生技术,将有助于防治废旧电池污染、缓解镍钴锂资源短缺压力,促进我国锂电池产业的良性发展。本文介绍近年来废旧三元锂离子电池资源化利用的研究进展,包括废旧三元电池预处理和废旧三元材料回收利用技术,其中,废旧三元正极材料资源化利用包括火法冶金、湿法冶金、分离再生等方面,分析了各工艺优势与不足,提出了目前回收废旧三元电池正极材料急需解决的难题,为未来废旧三元锂离子电池绿色环保、短流程、低成本、自动化的回收发展方向提供重要参考和思路。

With the rapid increase in the market share of ternary system lithium-ion batteries,waste ternary lithium-ion batteries will usher in explosive growth,but at the same time,the problem of environmental pollution and resource waste is becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,the systematic development of waste ternary lithium-ion battery materials recycling and recycling technology will help prevent and control waste battery pollution,alleviate the shortage of nickel cobalt lithium resources pressure,and promote the benign development of China's lithium battery industry.This paper introduces the research progress of waste ternary lithium-ion battery resource utilization in recent years,including waste ternary battery pretreatment and waste ternary material recycling technology,including waste ternary anode material resource utilization including thermal metallurgy,hydrometallurgy,separation and regeneration,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each process.The urgent problem of recycling waste ternary battery cathode materials is put forward,which provides important reference and ideas for the development direction of green,short process,low cost and automatic recycling of waste ternary lithium-ion batteries in the future.