贵州省某典型铅锌废渣重金属污染修复效果评估研究

Evaluation of the Remediation Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution from a Typical Lead Zinc Waste Residue in Guizhou Province

早期粗放型的矿产冶炼活动产生大量的冶炼废渣随意堆放,在长期风化、淋滤或酸化环境中迁移释放到水、土壤环境中,造成了周边环境重金属污染。近些年贵州省陆续实施近200个历史遗留污染源治理,但重金属污染场地修复后对环境污染是否还在持续,尚未明晰。本文以贵州省某典型铅锌冶炼重金属污染修复场地为研究对象,通过现场踏勘,根植土采样、实验室分析、治理前后土壤中特征污染物对比等探讨其在修复后对周边水体、土壤、植物等方面的影响。同时,从工程完成情况、工程效果、环境效益、生态效益等开展修复效果评估研究分析,并对后期管理提出意见建议。

The early extensive mineral smelting activities generated a large amount of indiscriminate stacking of smelting waste,which was released into the water and soil environment through long-term weathering,leaching,or acidification,causing heavy metal pollution in the surrounding environment.In recent years,Guizhou Province has implemented the treatment of nearly 200 historical legacy pollution sources,but it is not yet clear whether the environmental pollution caused by the restoration of heavy metal contaminated sites continues.This article takes a typical lead zinc smelting heavy metal pollution remediation site in Guizhou Province as the research object.Through on-site exploration,root soil sampling,the laboratory analysis,and comparison of characteristic pollutants in the soil before and after remediation,the impact on surrounding water bodies,soil,plants,and other aspects after remediation is explored.At the same time,conduct research and analysis on the restoration effect from the aspects of project completion,project effectiveness,environmental benefits,ecological benefits,etc.,and provide opinions and suggestions for later management.