高果糖诱导2型糖尿病机制及中药多糖缓解2型糖尿病的靶点通路研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high fructose intake and targets and pathways of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides in alleviating type 2 diabetes mellitus

果糖作为膳食中的主要糖,通常以蔗糖或高果糖玉米糖浆的形式添加到饮食中。流行病学研究表明,过量摄入果糖是2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的一个风险因素,并且T2DM是在全球范围内流行的疾病。大量研究表明,中药具有明显的降糖作用,其生物活性成分主要包含多糖、黄酮、皂苷等。通过阐明高果糖摄入可能影响肝脏胰岛素抵抗和糖代谢导致T2DM的发生,讨论中药多糖改善这2种糖尿病发生机制的靶点和通路,为开发含有中药多糖的降血糖药物和功能性食品提供参考。

Fructose,as the main sugar in the diet,is commonly added to the diet in the form of sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup.Epidemiological studies have shown that excessive fructose intake is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a disease that is prevalent worldwide.A large number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have obvious hypoglycemic effects.Their bioactive components mainly include polysaccharides,flavonoids,saponins and so on.By elucidating that high fructose intake may contribute to the development of T2DM by affecting liver insulin resistance and glucose metabolism,and discussing the targets and pathways of TCM polysaccharides to improve the pathogenesis of these two types of diabetes,we hope to provide some references for the development of hypoglycemic drugs and functional foods containing TCM polysaccharides.