一测多评结合化学计量学及加权逼近理想解排序法对不同产地葎草药材的多指标质量控制及差异评价

Application of QAMS,chemometrics and weighted TOPSIS in multi-index quality control and difference evaluation of Humulus scandens from different producing areas

目的建立一测多评(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker,QAMS)结合化学计量学及加权逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)在不同产地葎草Humulus scandens药材多指标定量检测及质量差异评价中的应用方法。方法对7省18个批次葎草样品进行回流提取,以木犀草苷、白桦脂酸为内参物,采用QAMS同时测定提取物中10种有效成分(芦丁、牡荆素、木犀草苷、大波斯菊苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、齐墩果酸、白桦脂酸、β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇),并与外标法进行比较;按《中国药典》2020年版四部方法检测浸出物、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分。采用化学识别模式和加权TOPSIS法对QAMS法计算数据和浸出物、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分检测数据进行分析,建立葎草质量差异评价模型。结果建立了多成分QAMS定量方法,方法学验证结果良好,以木犀草苷、白桦脂酸为内参物时相对校正因子的均值可用于定量分析,同时耐用性良好,2种方法所得含量结果无明显差异。浸出物、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分检测结果稳定。18批样品聚为3类,相邻产地聚为一组;木犀草苷、豆甾醇、大波斯菊苷和齐墩果酸可能是影响葎草产品质量主要潜在标志物;加权TOPSIS法分析结果显示18批葎草质量评价贴近度(Jb)在0.2448~0.6884,其中S15最大(0.6884)。结论建立的QAMS、化学计量学及加权TOPSIS法可用于不同产地葎草中多指标定量检测及质量差异评价。

Objective To establish the application methods of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker(QAMS),chemometrics and weighted technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) in multi-index quantitative detection and quality difference evaluation of Humulus scandens from different producing areas.Methods Reflux extraction was performed on 18 batches of H.scandens from seven provinces,The QAMS method for simultaneously determining the 10 active constituents(rutin,vitexin,luteolin-7-O-glucoside,cosmosiin,luteolin,apigenin,oleanolic acid,betulinic acid,β-sitosterol and stigmasterol) with luteolin-7-O-glucoside and betulinic acid as internal standards was developed and evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results with external standard method.The extract,total ash and acid-insoluble ash were detected according to the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition Volume IV.The results of survey were analyzed by chemical pattern recognition and weighted TOPSIS method,and the quality difference evaluation model of H.scandens was established.Results A multi-component QAMS quantitative method was established,and the methodological verification results were good.The mean value of the relative correction factor with luteoloside and betulinic acid as internal references could be used for quantitative analysis,and the durability was good.There was no significan t difference in the content results obtained by the two methods.The test results of extract,total ash and acid-insoluble ash were stable.Eighteen batches of samples were clustered into three groups,and adjacent producing areas were clustered into one group.Luteolin-7-O-glucoside,stigmasterol,cosmosiin and oleanolic acid might be the main potential markers to influence the quality of H.scandens.The analysis results of the weighted TOPSIS method revealed that the closeness( Jb) for evaluating the quality of 18 batches of H.scandens ranged from 0.244 8 to 0.688 4,with S15 achieving the highest value of 0.688 4.Conclusion The established QAMS,chemometrics and weighted TOPSIS methods can be used for multi-index quantitative detection and quality difference evaluation of H.scandens from different producing areas.