基于动态阈值的距离搜索初轨确定

Initial orbit determination in range search based on dynamic thresholds

提出一种改进的初轨确定算法,基于动态阈值的距离搜索方法,以改进传统算法在处理数据时初轨成功率和初轨误差。通过动态调整搜索阈值,旨在实现更精准和高效的初轨确定,以满足当前对空间目标初轨确定的需求;利用LEO,MEO和GEO目标的实测角度数据开展算法测试。介绍了基于动态阈值的距离搜索算法的实现过程,基于数据处理的经验,用动态阈值实现初轨参数质量控制环节的轨道筛选。给出了详细的算法实现流程。利用TLE(Two Line El⁃ements)评估了初轨确定参数误差。基于“烛龙”观测网的中低轨目标和中国科学院长春人造卫星观测站的高轨目标的实测角度数据,开展算法测试。结果表明:LEO,MEO和GEO目标短弧初轨确定成功率分别约为94%,75%和89%,半长轴误差均值分别约为9,12和50 km。该算法适用性强、成功率高、定轨精度高,证明了监测数据的质量。

This study proposes an enhanced initial orbit determination algorithm utilizing dynamic thresh⁃old distance search methods to improve success rates and accuracy compared to traditional algorithms.By dynamically adjusting the search threshold,the algorithm aims for more precise and efficient initial orbit de⁃termination,addressing current needs for tracking space objects.Testing is conducted using measured an⁃gular data from Low Earth Orbit(LEO),Medium Earth Orbit(MEO),and Geosynchronous(GEO)ob⁃jects.The methodology begins with a detailed exploration of the dynamic threshold distance search algo⁃rithm′s implementation.Drawing on extensive data processing experience,dynamic thresholds are strategi⁃cally integrated into the orbit screening phase of the initial orbit parameter quality control process.A com⁃prehensive breakdown of the algorithm′s implementation is provided,highlighting its intricacies and opera⁃tional nuances.Evaluation of the Initial Orbit Determination(IOD)parameters is performed using Two Line Elements(TLE)derived from angular data across various orbital zones.Rigorous testing is conducted using angular data from the Zhulong Observation Network for low to medium orbit targets and from the Changchun Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences for GEO objects.The results indicate impressive success rates for initial orbit determination,with approximately 94%for LEO,75%for MEO,and 89%for GEO objects.Additionally,the algorithm shows mean semi-major axis errors of about 9,12,and 50 km for LEO,MEO,and GEO objects,respectively.In conclusion,the proposed algorithm demonstrates high applicability,achieving significant success rates and exceptional orbit determination accuracy.These findings highlight the algorithm′s effectiveness in leveraging monitoring data for precise and reliable initial orbit determination processes.