社会支持对听障学生抑郁的影响:公正世界信念和生活满意度的链式中介作用

The Effects of Social Support on Depression in Hearing-Impaired Students:The Chain-Mediating Role of Beliefs in the Just World and Life Satisfaction

为探讨听障学生社会支持、公正世界信念、生活满意度、抑郁以及四个变量之间的关系,采用社会支持评定量表、公正世界信念问卷、生活满意度量表、病人健康问卷对447名7~12年级听障学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)听障男生社会支持、公正世界信念得分显著低于听障女生。(2)听障学生社会支持、公正世界信念、生活满意度、抑郁的年级差异显著。总体上看,12年级听障学生社会支持总分最高;8年级听障学生公正世界信念得分最高,7年级听障学生公正世界信念得分最低;8年级听障学生生活满意度得分最高;11年级听障学生抑郁得分最高。(3)听障学生社会支持可以通过生活满意度单独的中介作用以及公正世界信念和生活满意度的链式中介作用影响听障学生抑郁。据此,建议通过重视朋辈支持、鼓励教师支持、加大家庭支持等方式预防或缓解听障学生抑郁。

In order to explore the current situation of social support,beliefs in the just world,life satisfaction,depression and the relationship of these four variables,447 students with hearing impairment in grades 7-12 were investigated using the Social Support Rating Scale,Beliefs in the Just World Questionnaire,Life Satisfaction Scale and PHQ-9 Health Questionnaire.The results showed that:(1)the scores of the boys with hearing impairment in social support and beliefs in the just world were significantly lower than those of the girls with hearing impairment;(2)there were significant grade-level differences in hearing-impaired students'social support,just world beliefs,life satisfaction,and depression;and;(3)hearing-impaired students'social support could significantly affect hearing-impaired students'depression through the mediating effect of life satisfaction alone as well as the chain mediation of just world beliefs and life satisfaction.Therefore,valuing peer support,encouraging teacher support and increasing family support can prevent or alleviate depression in hearing-impaired students.