重症监护病房护士能力面子压力、心理资本对职业倦怠的影响

Influence of ability,face pressure and psychological capital on job burnout of nurses in intensive care unit

目的了解重症监护病房护士能力面子压力、心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。方法2022年9—11月,采取简单随机抽样法选取恩施土家族苗族自治州4家三级医院174名重症监护病房护士作为调查对象,采用一般情况量表、能力面子压力量表、心理资本量表和职业倦怠量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果重症监护病房护士能力面子压力得分为(13.86±2.82)分,心理资本得分为(84.32±16.42)分,职业倦怠得分为(62.32±10.06)分。不同性别、年龄、学历、职称、工作年限、月收入和每月夜班频次的重症监护病房护士能力面子压力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、职称、工作年限和月收入的重症监护病房护士心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、职称、工作年限、月收入、每月夜班频次和婚姻状况的重症监护病房护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。重症监护病房护士的职业倦怠得分与能力面子压力呈正相关(r=0.619,P<0.01),与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.642,P<0.01),能力面子压力与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.528,P<0.01);心理资本在能力面子压力和职业倦怠间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.262,占总效应的49.62%。结论恩施土家族苗族自治州三级医院重症监护病房护士的心理资本在能力面子压力和职业倦怠间起部分中介作用,在降低护士能力面子压力的基础上提升心理资本水平,有利于降低其职业倦怠水平。

Objective To explore the influence of ability,face pressure and psychological capital on job burnout of nurses in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods From September to November 2022,a simple random sampling method was used to select 174 nurses in the intensive care unit of four tertiary hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.The survey was conducted using the general situation scale,the ability face pressure scale,the psychological capital scale and the job burnout scale,and the data was analyzed.Results The score of ability and face pressure of nurses in ICU was(13.86±2.82)points,the score of psychological capital was(84.32±16.42)points,and the score of job burnout was(62.32±10.06)points.The ability face pressure scores of ICU nurses with different genders,ages,educational backgrounds,professional titles,working years,monthly income,and monthly night shift frequencies were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The psychological capital scores of ICU nurses with different ages,professional titles,working years,and monthly income were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The job burnout scores of ICU nurses with different ages,professional titles,working years,monthly income,monthly night shift frequency,and marital status were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Job burnout was positively correlated with ability face pressure(r=0.619,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.642,P<0.01).Ability face pressure was negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.528,P<0.01).Psychological capital played a part of intermediary role between ability face pressure and job burnout,with a mediating effect of 0.262,accounting for 49.62%of the total effect.Conclusion The psychological capital of ICU nurses in the tertiary hospitals of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture plays a partial mediating role between ability face pressure and job burnout.On the basis of reducing the ability face pressure of nurses,improving the level of psychological capital is conducive to reducing their job burnout level.