父母教养方式对大学生社交焦虑的影响:核心自我评价的中介作用

Effect of parenting style on social anxiety of college students:the mediating roles of core self-evaluation

目的探讨父母教养方式对大学生社交焦虑的影响,并检验核心自我评价在其中的中介作用。方法2022年11月至2023年1月,以哈尔滨市1126名大学生为研究对象,采用交往焦虑量表(interaction anxiousness scale,IAS)、简式父母教养方式量表(short-egna minnen betraffende upfostran-Chinese,s-EMBU-C)、核心自我评价量表(core self-evaluations scale,CSES)进行调查。数据使用SPSS 26.0对数据进行相关分析、差异分析;使用AMOS 27.0进行中介效应检验。结果社交焦虑[(42.31±8.23)分]与父母积极教养方式[(5.44±1.45)分]呈负相关(r=-0.072,P<0.05),与核心自我评价[(32.12±6.01)分]呈负相关(r=-0.350,P<0.01),与父母消极教养方式[(7.40±1.74)分]呈正相关(r=0.302,P<0.01);核心自我评价与父母积极教养方式呈正相关(r=0.362,P<0.01),与父母消极教养方式呈负相关(r=-0.346,P<0.01)。父母积极教养方式、父母消极教养方式对大学生社交焦虑的直接效应显著(β积极=0.098,β消极=0.222)。中介分析表明核心自我评价在父母积极教养方式与社交焦虑间具有遮掩效应,间接效应(-0.089)与直接效应(0.098)之比的绝对值为90.82%;核心自我评价在消极父母教养方式与社交焦虑间具有部分中介作用,直接效应、间接效应分别占总效应的73.03%和26.97%。结论父母教养方式可以直接影响大学生社交焦虑,也可以通过核心自我评价的中介作用间接影响大学生社交焦虑,其中核心自我评价在积极教养方式路径中起遮掩作用。

Objective To explore the impact of parenting style on social anxiety among college students,and examine the mediating effect of core self-evaluation.Methods From November 2022 to January 2023,a total of 1126 college students in Harbin were taken as research subjects.Interaction anxiousness scale(IAS),short-egna minnen betraffende upfostran-Chinese(s-EMBU-C)and core self-evaluations scale(CSES)were used for analysis.Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software for correlation analysis and analysis of variance.AMOS 27.0 software was used for mediation effect test.Results Social anxiety(42.31±8.23)was negatively correlated with positive parenting style(5.44±1.45)(r=-0.072,P<0.05)and core self-evaluation(32.12±6.01)(r=-0.350,P<0.01),while positively correlated with negative parenting style(7.40±1.74)(r=0.302,P<0.01).Core self-evaluation was positively correlated with positive parenting style(r=0.362,P<0.01)and negatively correlated with negative parenting style(r=-0.346,P<0.01).Parent parenting styles had a significant mean direct effect on social anxiety of college students(βpositive=0.098,βnegtive=0.222).Mediation analyses indicated that core self-evaluation played a masking role between positive parenting styles and social anxiety,with an absolute value of 90.82%for the ratio of indirect(-0.089)to direct effects(0.098).Core self-evaluation had partial mediating effect on negative parenting styles,with direct effect and indirect effect accounting for 73.03%and 26.97%of the total effect,respectively.Conclusion Parenting style can either directly affect college students'social anxiety or indirectly through the mediating effect of core self-evaluations,with core self-evaluations playing a masking role in the positive parenting styles pathway.