经颅交流电刺激调控帕金森病神经振荡的研究进展

Research progress on transcranial alternating current stimulation for regulating neural oscillations in Parkinson disease

帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)是一种病因尚未完全明确的神经退行性疾病,其发生和进展与异常的神经振荡紧密相关,这些异常振荡已作为评价PD的生物标志物之一。积极探索神经振荡与PD的相互联系,并有针对性地精准调控PD患者异常的神经振荡是目前研究的热点,为寻找治疗PD提供了新方向。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)作为一种新兴的非侵入性脑刺激技术,通过施加双相和正弦电流来影响大脑的神经元活动,显示出调控PD异常神经振荡的潜力。现对PD中常见的神经振荡、tACS调控PD神经振荡的工作机制以及tACS在PD中的应用研究进展进行综述,并探讨该领域的现存问题和未来发展趋势,旨在为PD的治疗和临床研究提供新思路。

Parkinson disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder of unknown cause.Its onset and progression are closely linked to abnormal neural oscillations,which are one of the biomarkers used to assess PD.Current research focuses on exploring the relationship between neural oscillations and PD and targeting abnormal neural oscillations in PD patients.Transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technique that influences neural activity in the brain by applying biphasic and sinusoidal currents and has shown potential in modulating abnormal neural oscillations in PD.This paper reviews the neural oscillations commonly found in PD,the mechanisms by which tACS regulates PD-related neural oscillations,and the current progress in tACS application for PD.It also discusses the challenges and future trends in the field,with the aim of providing new insights for the treatment and clinical research of PD.