武则天当政时期密教流播探论

On the Spread of Esoteric Buddhism DuringWu Zetian’s Administration

武则天当政时期是持明密教在中国发展的重要时期,其时国家重视支持译经事业,兴立译场,译师辈出,密教典籍的翻译呈现热潮,推动了密教的传播。此时期密教观音信仰尤为盛行,其中十一面观音信仰具有较强的社会吸引力,其密法在实现世间人们诉求上具有广泛性、功能性与神威性。武周革命之际,转轮王与神化的佛、菩萨加于武则天一人之身,呈现出密教化的色彩,在此时期密教与政治圆融的尝试中彰显出密教发展的轨迹与特征。

The reign of Empress Wu Zetian was an important period for the development of esoteric Buddhism in China.At that time,the government attached great importance to supporting the translation of classics,established translation centers,and sent out translators.The translation of esoteric classics showed an upsurge,which promoted the spread of esoteric Buddhism.During this pe-riod,the esoteric Avalokitesvara belief was particularly popular.Among them,the eleven-sided Avalokitesvara belief has strong so-cial attraction,and its esoteric method is extensive,functional and divine in realizing the demands of people in the world.On the oc-casion of the Wuzhou Revolution,the reincarnation king and the deified Buddha and Bodhisattva were added to Wu Zetian,showing the color of esoteric education,and the development track and characteristics of esoteric education were revealed in the attempt of the integration of esoteric education and political harmony during this period.