日光温室作业与职业高发疾病的关系

Analysis of the relationship between solar greenhouse operation and occupational high incidence diseases

目的了解日光温室作业人员健康状况,为制定日光温室作业人员职业高发疾病防治策略提供科学依据。方法于2019年7月,采用随机整群抽样法选取甘肃省白银市靖远县大坝村从事日光温室蔬菜种植的作业人员245人为日光温室作业组,以性别、年龄、婚姻状况、体质指数等进行匹配,选择相邻的砂梁村不从事日光温室作业的282人为对照组。对研究对象开展现场调查,并进行健康检查,比较两组研究对象的一般情况、五官科检查、眼科检查、骨关节检查和皮肤检查结果,并采用多因素logistic回归分析研究对象骨关节(上肢、下肢、手、脊柱)检查异常的影响因素。结果两组研究对象烟龄和饮酒量分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。与对照组比较,日光温室作业组人员鼻部检查、咽喉部检查、裂隙灯检查、眼结膜检查、下肢骨关节检查、手骨关节检查、脊柱检查、头颈皮肤检查、躯干皮肤检查、上肢皮肤检查、下肢皮肤检查异常检出率均较高,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.53、7.94、9.92、27.93、79.32、81.42、9.43、6.79、9.76、4.34、8.29,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,调整了性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、体质指数等因素后,与对照组比较,日光温室作业是骨关节检查异常的危险因素(OR=1.178,95%CI:1.151~2.143,P=0.001)。结论日光温室作业对作业人员健康存在一定的损害作用,日光温室作业人员上肢、下肢、手、脊柱骨关节异常患病风险增加。

ObjectiveTo understand the health status of solar greenhouse workers,to provide scientific basis for the development of occupational high incidence diseases prevention and control strategies.MethodsIn July 2019,a random cluster sampling method was used to select 245 workers engaged in solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation in Daba Village,Jingyuan County,Baiyin City,Gansu Province as the solar greenhouse operation group.Matched by gender,age,marital status,body mass index(BMI),282 people from adjacent Shaliang Village who did not engage in solar greenhouse operation were selected as the control group.Field investigation and health examination were carried out among the study subjects.The general situation,facial features examination results,ophthalmic examination results,bone and joint examination results and skin examination results were compared between the two groups.And the multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal bone and joint examination(upper limbs,lower limbs,hands and spine bone joints)in study subjects.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in smoking age and alcohol consumption between the two groups(P<0.001).Compared with the control group,the abnormal detection rates of nose examination,throat examination,slit lamp examination,conjunctival examination,lower limb bone joint examination,hand bone joint examination,spine examination,head and neck skin examination,trunk skin examination,upper limb skin examination,and lower limb skin examination in the solar greenhouse operation group were higher,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.53,7.94,9.92,27.93,79.32,81.42,9.43,6.79,9.76,4.34,8.29,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender,age,marital status,education level,BMI,compared with the control group,solar greenhouse operation was a risk factor for abnormal bone and joint examination(OR=1.178,95%CI:1.151-2.143,P=0.001).ConclusionSolar greenhouse operation has a certain harmful effect on health of workers,and solar greenhouse workers have an increased risk of abnormal diseases of upper limbs,lower limbs,hands and spine bone joints.