“网络舆论审判”的治理困境及应对策略研究

Governance Dilemma on“Network Public Opinion Trial”and Its Countermeasures

“网络舆论审判”过程中,当事人的合法权益被侵害,同时也破坏了网络空间秩序。“网络舆论审判”具有群体性、个案性和破坏性的特征,其治理困境来源于司法审判结果公布的滞后性、网络舆论中道德评价的泛滥以及部分网络用户的引导煽动。因其本身带有言论自由的性质,法律对群体性舆论的治理效果有限,而违法成本与维权成本的巨大差异也导致其反复发生。通过及时发布真实信息,对网络用户宣传教育,加强网络舆论监督管理,建立健全相关法律法规,完善多元治理结构,是对其进行有效治理的重要方法。

“Network public opinion trial”refers to the process of fermentation of public opinion on a focus event in cyberspace.In this process,the legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned are infringed upon,and the order of cyberspace is also undermined.The“network public opinion trial”is characterized by groupness,case-by-case situation and destructiveness.Its governance dilemma is caused by the lag in the publication of the results of judicial trials,the abuse of moral evaluations in network public opinion,and the guided incitement of some online users.Due to the free speech included in the mass public opinion,the law has limited effect on the governance to it.In addition,the significant disparity between the cost of violating the law and the cost of defending rights also leads to its recurrence.Effective governance can be achieved through various countermeasures:timely releasing the authentic information,providing publicity and education to the network users,strengthening the supervision and governance on network public opinion,establishing and improving relevant laws and regulations,and perfecting the multi-governance structures.