基于消防安全高层建筑竖井内火灾温度分布规律

Fire Temperature Distribution in Vertical Shaft of High-rise Building Based on Fire Safety

通过火灾动力学模拟计算,分析了不同热释放率下以及火源位于不同区域时对竖井内温度的影响。研究结果表明:火源热释放率越大,竖井内的温度越高,在相同火源热释放率条件下,火源位于房间墙边区域时较火源位于房间中心时温度高;与火源位于房间中心相比,火源位于墙边时,火源释放更大热量,随着建筑高度的增加,竖井内温度逐渐降低,相应温差减小;在高层建筑发生火灾时,建议楼梯前室的排烟设计直接排向室外,当竖井与外走廊连通时,有利于烟气的排放和人员的疏散。

Through the simulation of fire dynamics,the effects of different heat release rates and fire sources in different areas on the temperature in the shaft are analyzed.The results show that the higher the heat release rate of the fire source,the higher the temperature in the shaft.Under the same heat release rate of the fire source,the temperature is higher when the fire source is located near the wall of the room than when the fire source is located in the center of the room.Compared with the fire source located in the center of the room,when the fire source is located near the wall,the fire source releases more heat.With the increase of the building height,the temperature in the shaft gradually decreases,and the corresponding temperature difference decreases.In the case of a fire in a high-rise building,it is recommended that the smoke exhaust design in the front room of the stairs be directly discharged to the outside,which is conducive to the emission of smoke and the evacuation of personnel,when the shaft is connected with the outer corridor.