基于蛋白质类淀粉样聚集的纤维表面功能化

Surface functionalization of fibers based on amyloid-like protein aggregation

针对目前聚合物纤维表面功能化策略中改性工艺复杂、涂层稳定性差的不足,提出了一种基于蛋白质类淀粉样聚集的新型纤维表面功能化策略。将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(聚酯)纤维浸泡在含有功能物质的溶菌酶相转变水溶液中,在室温条件下反应即可在纤维表面形成稳定的功能化涂层。根据功能物质的不同,分别制备了银纳米颗粒涂层改性纤维及织物、量子点改性纤维和聚乙二醇(PEG)改性纤维及织物,并分别表征其性能与涂层稳定性。结果表明:溶菌酶质量浓度为0.02 mg/mL时,银纳米颗粒涂层改性纤维的导电性最优,1 cm纤维的电阻仅为1.39Ω,且涂层具有较高的黏附稳定性,可抵抗胶带37次撕拉,经20000次弯折后改性纤维的电阻无明显变化,同时银纳米颗粒涂层改性的聚酯织物表现出较好的抗菌性;量子点改性纤维在紫外光照射下发荧光,经过10000次弯折测试后其荧光强度无明显衰减;PEG接枝溶菌酶涂层提升了纤维的亲水性,改性后织物的滴水浸湿时间由24 s缩短至2.5 s,透湿率由4500 g/(m^(2)·d)提高至5800 g/(m^(2)·d),改性层稳定可抵抗20000次弯折。该策略在构筑功能纤维和功能织物方面表现出巨大潜力。

Objective Flexible wearable smart fabric is one of the ideal forms of the next generation of flexible wearable devices,in which the functional fiber construction plays a crucial role.In order to address the issues related to current surface functionalization strategies for polymer fibers such as complex modification processes and poor coating stability,this study developed a fiber surface functionalization strategy based on protein amyloid-like aggregation.Method This strategy involves immersing polyester fibers in a lysozyme phase transition solution containing functional substances,which can form stable functional coatings on the fiber surface at room temperature.Silver nanoparticle coating-modified fibers and fabrics,quantum dot-modified fibers,and PEG-modified fibers and fabrics were prepared.During the preparation process,the disulfide bonds in the protein molecules are broken and the resulted unfolded molecular chains undergo amyloid-like aggregation to form protein nanocoatings containing functional units on the fiber surface.The electrical conductivity,antibacterial property,luminescence behavior,hydrophilicity and coating stability of the functional fibers and fabrics were characterized.Results Various functional polyester fibers were fabricated based on the amyloid-like protein aggregation.The proteinaceous coating with specific functions was easily formed on the fibers surface within a short time under ambient conditions,exhibiting exceptional interfacial adhesion to withstand bending stresses and prevent functional coating detachment during the prolonged usage.The silver nanoparticle coating-modified fiber was prepared by means of amyloid-like protein aggregation induced by metal ions.The results suggested that when the lysozyme concentration was 0.02 mg/mL,the silver nanoparticle coating-modified fiber had optimal electrical conductivity with a resistance of only 1.39Ωwhen length of fiber was 1 cm.It could withstand 37 tear-off cycles in a 3M tape test and showed no significant change in resistance after 20000 bending cycles,indicating the high stability of the formed silver nanoparticle coating.Furthermore,the silver nanoparticle coating-modified polyester fabrics exhibited certain antibacterial activity.Therefore,silver nanoparticle coating-modified fibers can be used to prepare the conductive antibacterial textiles.Quantum dot-modified fibers exhibited fluorescence under UV irradiation and the fluorescence properties were closely related to the concentration of lysozyme.With the increase of lysozyme concentration,the fluorescence on the fiber surface first increased and then decreased.When the lysozyme concentration was 5 mg/mL,it had the strongest fluorescence intensity and maintained good stability with no significant decrease in fluorescence intensity after 10000 bending tests.To improve the hydrophilicity of polyester fibers,the lysozyme-PEG conjugates were firstly synthesis.The lysozyme-PEG coating was formed on the fiber surface significantly improving its hydrophilicity,which was evaluated through the characterizations of water drop immersion and moisture permeability.It is demonstrated that water drop immersion time decreased from 24 s to 2.5 s and moisture permeability increased from 4500 g/(m^(2)·d)to 5800 g/(m^(2)·d).Furthermore,the water drops immersion time and moisture permeability of PEG modified fabrics was less affected by the cycle of bending.Conclusion Inspired by the strong adhesion of protein amyloid structure in nature,functional nanocoatings on the surface of fibers were constructed successfully with high curvature based on the amyloid-like protein aggregation strategy.The strategy is simple,efficient,and environmentally friendly,and the coating function is highly adjustable by controlling the functional substances.Notably,the coating can adhere stably on the surface,effectively solving the coating debonding problem during long-term use.It provides a new method for fiber surface functionalization and has great application prospects in the field of flexible intelligent wearable fabrics.